The present paper analyzes and contextualizes the phenomenon of prolonged co‐residence of parents and young adult children in Slovenia. It analyzes the process of moving out or staying at home on the basis of a subsample of young people between 19 and 29 who are no longer at school included in the representative Slovenian field survey Youth 2010. Young people still living in the household of their parents or (legal) guardians are compared with those who have already left. The analysis considers factors associated with the status transitions from youth to adulthood; the demographic, social and economic background; and the perception of the parent–child relationship quality and parenting style by the children. Our findings point to the importance of possibilities for independent housing and the economic capacity of young people and their family. The most important factor behind moving out seems to be a stable partnership.

Background: Many studies demonstrated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diminished health functioning in adulthood. A growing literature has shown that positive childhood experiences (PCEs) co-occurring with ACEs reduce the risks for negative outcomes. Objective: The aim was to investigate how ACEs and PCEs are simultaneously associated with health outcomes in adulthood, including self-rated health, physical and mental health outcomes, and health-risk behaviours. Methods: A panel sample of 4,847 Slovenian adults was used and the data were weighted to closely resemble the Slovenian population. A series of logistic regression analyses were performed to examine how ACEs and PCEs predict the risk of various health outcomes. Results: Significant associations, as measured by adjusted odds ratios, were found between higher ACEs exposure and each of the 16 health outcomes evaluated. Adjusting for above median PCEs attenuated the association between ACEs and 6 health outcomes (poor self-rated physical and mental health, depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, physical inactivity; OR for ≥ 4 vs. 0 ACEs, 1.48-9.34). Mirroring these findings, above median PCEs were associated with lowered odds of these 6 health outcomes after adjusting for ACEs (OR for above vs. below median PCEs, 0.46-0.67), but not with odds of physical health outcomes and most of the health-risk behaviours. Stratified analyses by ACEs exposure level showed that the association between PCEs and self-rated health remained stable across ACEs exposure levels, while the association between PCEs and mental health outcomes and physical inactivity varied across ACEs exposure levels. Conclusions: Our results suggest that above median PCEs attenuate the association between ACEs and poor self-rated health, mental health problems, and physical inactivity in later life, and are negatively associated with these health problems even in the concurrent presence of ACEs. Interventions to promote PCEs can help to reduce unfavourable long-term health outcomes following childhood adversity. Asociación de experiencias infantiles adversas y positivas con la salud física y mental, y las conductas de riesgo de los adultos en EsloveniaAntecedentes: Muchos estudios demostraron la relación entre las experiencias adversas en la infancia (ACE) y una disminución en el funcionamiento de la salud en la edad adulta. Una creciente literatura ha demostrado que las experiencias infantiles positivas (PCE) que concurren con ACE reducen los riesgos de resultados negativos. Objetivo: El objetivo era investigar cómo las ACE y PCE se asocian simultáneamente con los resultados de salud en la edad adulta, incluida la salud autoevaluada, las condiciones de salud física y mental y las conductas de riesgo para la salud. Métodos: Se utilizó una muestra de panel de 4.847 adultos eslovenos y los datos se ponderaron para asimilarlos a la población eslovena. Se realizó una serie de análisis de regresión logística para examinar cómo los ACE y PCE predicen el riesgo de varios res...

The article explores the circumstances influencing family formation in Slovenia. Public opinion surveys in Slovenia have shown that young people have high aspirations regarding family life. These findings, however, stand in sharp contrast to demographic indicators, that is, delayed parenthood and a low birth rate. The qualitative analysis comprised both the personal factors, such as family lifestyles identified by young people as being desirable and the role of the family in their plans for the future, as well as structural factors affecting the starting of a family (housing, employment, etc.) and the problems and obstacles accompanying this process. One crucial finding is that personal factors rather than structural constraints are a key barrier to family formation.

This article reviews key-indicators of youth transitions in Slovenia over the last decades and highlights some of the inherent tensions. Against the background of the metaphor of ‘frozen transitions’, which tries to grasp some of the contradictions between the speed of societal change and the stagnating development of youth towards independence, the article describes and reflects the development of youth transitions in the three domains of employment, housing and parenthood. The basis is a selection of indicators available in international data sets and surveys that allow to trace the change at least over the last two decades after the breakdown of Yugoslavia. Our findings indicate that transitions in Slovenia are frozen in all three domains, which challenges the usefulness of the conventional life course framework for studying post-communist contexts

By tracing the history and characteristics of family life in Slovenia in the last 60 years, the article attempts to shed light on family and demographic trends that are quite similar to those in Western countries as well as on those which are distinctively Slovenian. Some trends, such as the pluralisation of family forms and the decline in marriage and fertility rates started in approximately the same period as in Western countries, i.e. from the 1960s and 1970s onward. Some changes like full-time female employment, promoted by the state immediately after World War II and subsequently, preceded female employment trends in Western countries and may be considered a typical “socialist” characteristic. By contrast, several features which influenced family life in Slovenia in past decades considerably cannot be labelled typically Western or Eastern European, like well-developed and affordable family planning services, the early legal equality of de jure and de facto families, the possibility of parents sharing one year of fully paid parental leave etc. The paper presents the main trends and characteristics of family life in Slovenia in recent decades, compares them with other those in European countries and reflects on the contemporary (ir)relevance of Hajnal’s theory.