As applied to mixed-integer programming, Benders' original work made two primary contributions: (1) development of a "pure integer" problem (Problem P) that is equivalent to the original mixed-integer problem, and (2) a relaxation algorithm for solving Problem P that works iteratively on an LP problem and a "pure integer" problem. In this paper a modified algorithm for solving Problem P is proposed, in which the solution of a sequence of integer programs is replaced by the solution of a sequence of linear programs plus some (hopefully few) integer programs. The modified algorithm will still allow for taking advantage of any special structures (e.g., an LP subproblem that is a "network problem") just as in Benders' original algorithm. The modified Benders' algorithm is explained and limited computational results are given.

Since the cost of developing a single offshore oil field usually runs in the tens of millions of dollars, savings due to better development policies could be quite significant. This paper presents a general model for developing offshore fields at minimum cost. The model applies to any field developed from fixed platforms, and thus could also be used directly for the development of fields on the north slope of Alaska. The basic limitations and possible utility of the model are discussed. The mathematical programming formulation of the problem is shown to be identical in general structure to the well-known warehouse location problem. Algorithms for solving the problem are developed, whereby the algorithm for a particular problem will depend upon the general form of the platform cost function. The algorithms developed are tested and shown to be computationally practical.

Due to shortages in crude oil supplies there is considerable motivation to develop the vast petroleum resources located on our outer continental shelf. Offshore oil operations require great outlays of capital, and this paper presents a model and solution procedure for optimizing the economics of developing a given offshore field. The model considers the following variables: (1) How many offshore drilling platforms are needed? (2) How many wells should be drilled from each platform? (3) What is the location of each platform? (4) From which platform should each well be drilled? (5) What are the time schedules for placing the platforms and drilling the wells? (6) What is the production schedule for each reservoir? The objective of this model is the maximization of discounted after-tax cash flows subject to production limiting constraints. Because of the nonlinear nature and size of this model for realistic problems, it is decomposed into sub-models for which effective solution procedures are developed. Computational results are presented for two example problems.

In order to increase the use of federally supported research and development to increase U.S. industrial competitiveness, new partnerships are being developed among the research producers, users, and funders. This paper summarizes the evolution of federal technology transfer models with particular attention to university-industry cooperative research centers sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The advantages and potential problems associated with such centers are presented and the implications for technology and innovation are discussed. FEDERAL INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERResearch and development has long been considered essential to technological innovation, industrial competitiveness and economic growth. In response to the nation's diminishing ability to compete successfully in the international marketplace, particularly growing deficits in manufacturing and high technology trade, new institutional partnerships among the performers, users, and funders of research and development (R&D) have proliferated.At the federal level, attention has been focused on institutional arrangements which encourage private sector use of federally-supported R&D. Federal R&D spending is now over $60 billion per year. However, concerns continue to be raised about linking federally-sponsored R&D to the needs of the private sector for innovation and technology development. Recent federal initiatives to promote the commercial use of federally-supported generic or pre-proprietary research include the * Dr. Devine is Associate Vice President

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