The goal of the current investigation was to test the psychometric properties of a self-administered web-based version of the Timeline Followback (TLFB), a retrospective calendar method of assessing daily behaviors. Method: The study used a withinsubjects, counterbalanced design to compare estimates of daily drinking and smoking behaviors obtained by a self-administered web-based version of the TLFB with estimates obtained by a telephone interview version. The sample consisted of 120 social drinker-smoker young adults (65 men). Results: Correlations between the two modalities for total number of drinks, total drinking days, and heavy drinking days in a 4-week period ranged from .83 to .93; those for total cigarettes, total smoking days, and heavy smoking days ranged from .90 to .95. The correlation between the two modalities for estimates of the number of co-use days was .90. Drinking and smoking estimates from the online TLFB also correlated signifi cantly with scores from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test and Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence. Conclusions: Overall, the results demonstrated strong support for the use of a self-administered web-based TLFB assessment tool to capture concurrent reports of social drinking and smoking behaviors in young adults. The web-based TLFB may be particularly well suited for assessment in clinical trials, longitudinal designs, and epidemiological studies.
Background In three previously published works (Brumback et al., 2007; King et al., 2011a; Roche and King 2010), our group characterized acute alcohol responses in a large group of young, heavy binge drinkers (n = 104) across a variety of subjective, eye tracking, and psychometric performance measures. Methods The primary goal of the current study was to directly replicate prior findings of alcohol response in heavy social drinkers in a second independent cohort (n = 104) using identical methodology. A secondary goal was to examine the effects of family history of alcohol use disorders on acute alcohol response in both samples. Participants attended two randomized laboratory sessions in which they consumed 0.8 g/kg alcohol or a taste-masked placebo. At preand post-drink time points, participants completed subjective scales, psychomotor performance and eye movement tasks, and provided salivary samples for cortisol determination. Results Results showed that the second cohort of heavy drinkers exhibited a nearly identical pattern of alcohol responses to the original cohort, including sensitivity to alcohol’s stimulating and hedonically rewarding effects during the rising BrAC limb, increases sedation during the declining BrAC limb, a lack of cortisol response, and psychomotor and eye tracking impairment that was most evident at peak BrAC. The magnitude and temporal pattern of these acute effects of alcohol in the second cohort were similar to the first cohort across all measures, with the exception of three eye movement measures: pro- and anti-saccade accuracy and anti-saccade velocity. Family history of alcohol use disorders did not affect alcohol response in the first cohort and this was replicated in the second cohort. Conclusions In sum, in two independent samples, we have demonstrated that heavy social drinkers display a consistent and reliable sensitivity to alcohol’s subjective effects and impairment of eye tracking and psychomotor performance, which is not affected by family history status. This acute alcohol response phenotype in heavy, frequent binge drinkers appears to be robust and reproducible.
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