Maintaining and improving the health of the population, especially children and teenagers, is one of the most important state task, the solution of which allows to ensure the availability of human resources, the country's defense and reproduction of the healthy population. Currently in the Russian Federation, there are negative trends in the health status of children in all age categories: the growing incidence, prevalence of chronic diseases, the presence of morphological abnormalities, high prevalence of risk factors among children, a decrease of quality indicators of children's health. There is a significant change in the pattern of morbidity in childhood, reflected in the increase in the number of chronic and combined forms of disease, the increase in the frequency of intrapartum damage and hereditary pathology, which in turn leads to an increase in the number of children with disabilities. The issues of improving medical care in remote and inaccessible localities are actively discussed on all platforms and meetings of the circumpolar countries of the Union. It is clear that much of the health of the population in the Arctic is determined by the welfare of the country. However, some progress in this direction in recent years and our country. In this regard, it is highly important to assess the dynamics of medico-demographic indicators in the Arctic regions during the implementation of major Russian programs in the field of protection of motherhood and childhood in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

No abstract

The infant mortality included in the structure of the mortality of children population is considered to be one of the major demographic factors most clearly reflecting the country’s level of the development and on-going economic and social changes. The infant mortality rate is a key index of the development of the health system. The significance of the infant mortality rate is determined by its high contribution to the child mortality rate in general. So the share of deaths among children aged 0-14 years in infants of the first year of life amounts of 55% to 65%. 40% of newborns died in the early neonatal period and 30% babies - in the post-neonatal period. In accordance with the Concept of the demographic policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 approved by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 09.10.07 No. 315, one of the most important tasks of the demographic policy in the country is the reduction of the infant mortality rate at least by two times. The correct and timely analysis of the infant mortality rate allows developing a set of specific measures to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of children, to assess the effectiveness of measures to describe and to plan the work for the protection of motherhood and childhood in general. In the article there is presented the analysis of the underlying causes and dynamics of the infant mortality in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over the period of the implementation of major projects in the field of health. The development and implementation of a three-level system of medical care for pregnant women and mothers in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was the key to the reducing this index.