SD-OCT provides a non-invasive method of following long-term retinal changes in mice in vivo. Although rd10 and rd1 mice have mutations in the same gene, they demonstrate significantly different features on SD-OCT.

PURPOSE. To describe a standardized flood-illuminated adaptive optics (AO) imaging protocol suitable for the clinical setting and to assess sampling methods for measuring cone density.METHODS. Cone density was calculated following three measurement protocols: 50 3 50-lm sampling window values every 0.58 along the horizontal and vertical meridians (fixed-interval method), the mean density of expanding 0.58-wide arcuate areas in the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior quadrants (arcuate mean method), and the peak cone density of a 50 3 50-lm sampling window within expanding arcuate areas near the meridian (peak density method). Repeated imaging was performed in nine subjects to determine intersession repeatability of cone density. RESULTS.Cone density montages could be created for 67 of the 74 subjects. Image quality was determined to be adequate for automated cone counting for 35 (52%) of the 67 subjects. We found that cone density varied with different sampling methods and regions tested. In the nasal and temporal quadrants, peak density most closely resembled histological data, whereas the arcuate mean and fixed-interval methods tended to underestimate the density compared with histological data. However, in the inferior and superior quadrants, arcuate mean and fixed-interval methods most closely matched histological data, whereas the peak density method overestimated cone density compared with histological data. Intersession repeatability testing showed that repeatability was greatest when sampling by arcuate mean and lowest when sampling by fixed interval. CONCLUSIONS.We show that different methods of sampling can significantly affect cone density measurements. Therefore, care must be taken when interpreting cone density results, even in a normal population.

A 5- or 1-day treatment with 50 mg/kg sarpogrelate can completely protect the retina of BALB/c mice from light-induced retinopathy. Partial protection can be achieved with lower doses starting at 15 mg/kg and protection increases in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with low doses of sarpogrelate and 8-OH-DPAT elicits an additive effect that results in full protection of retinal morphology.

Purpose: Measure and correlate degeneration of the inner segment/outer segment junction (IS/ OS), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris (CC) in Stargardt disease (STGD) Design: Prospective cross-sectional study Methods Setting: Casey Eye Institute Population: 23 patients with STGD Procedures: OCT angiography (OCTA) scans were centered on the fovea. OCT slab projection and en face boundary maps were used to create masks to measure total IS/OS loss or RPE atrophy, as well as regions of isolated IS/OS loss, isolated RPE atrophy, matched IS/OS and RPE degeneration, or intact IS/OS and RPE. CC vascular density (CCVD) was quantified from CC angiogram. Outcome Measures: Area of loss and CCVD for different region types of degeneration were quantified and correlated. Results: The total area of IS/OS loss was strongly correlated with total area of RPE atrophy (r=0.96, p<0.0001) by a ratio of 1.6:1 (r 2 =0.90). CCVD within regions of matched degeneration

uring the initial portion of the COVID-19 pandemic, eye care professionals needed to reduce the risk of exposure to patients while continuing to provide highquality health care. The Casey Eye Institute at Oregon Health and Science University saw a decrease in clinic visits to 25% of prepandemic levels in April 2020 and did not return to baseline until March 2021. 1 With the need to limit clinic visits and an increase in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement for telehealth services, 2 teleophthalmology has played a critical role in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. 1,3,4 Although published data are limited regarding teleophthalmology during the pandemic, a study looking at ophthalmology visits insured by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan found a 4-fold increase in virtual visits compared with baseline data from the first 3 months of the pandemic. 5 A study at Casey Eye Institute demonstrated positive clinician attitudes with telehealth implementation during the pandemic 1 ; however, access to an easy-to-use, validated at-home visual acuity (VA) test for adults limited telehealth care.With increased use of telehealth technology, it is crucial to ensure that quality of care remains optimal. A key factor in evaluating and treating patients during eye care visits is the VA measurement. During a clinical encounter, this measurement is taken at specific distances using standardized charts, including Snellen, Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), HOTV, and Tumbling E charts. 6 Historically, VA test-IMPORTANCE Visual acuity (VA) is one of the most important clinical data points in ophthalmology. However, few options for validated at-home VA assessments are currently available.OBJECTIVE To validate 3 at-home visual acuity tests in comparison with in-office visual acuity.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Between July 2020 and April 2021, eligible participants with VA of 20/200 or better were recruited from 4 university-based ophthalmology clinics (comprehensive, cornea, glaucoma, and retina clinics). Participants were prospectively randomized to self-administer 2 of 3 at-home VA tests (printed chart, mobile phone app, and website) within 3 days before their standard-of-care clinic visit. Participants completed a survey assessing usability of the at-home tests. At the clinic visit, best-corrected Snellen distance acuity was measured as the reference standard. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe at-home VA test results were compared with the in-office VA test results using paired and unpaired t tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, analysis of variance, χ 2 tests, and Cohen κ agreement. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each at-home test were calculated to detect significant VA changes (Ն0.2 logMAR) from the in-office baseline. RESULTSA total of 121 participants with a mean (SD) age of 63.8 (13.0) years completed the study. The mean in-office VA was 0.11 logMAR (Snellen equivalent 20/25) with similar numbers of participants from the 4 clinics....