No abstract

Although the presence of temporal macular atrophy is not sensitive enough to be used as a screening test, if seen in a patient with SCD, the physician should be alerted to the strong possibility that peripheral neovascularization may be present.

The p.X423Lfs mutation has previously been described in cases of atypical aniridia, but this is the first report demonstrating abnormal cone-driven ERG responses associated with this particular mutation of the PAX6 gene. ERG abnormalities have been documented in other mutations of the PAX6 gene, and we propose that the retinal pathology causing these ERG abnormalities may contribute to the photophobia experienced by patients with aniridia. Systematic ERG testing can aid in the diagnosis of PAX6-related disorders and may prove to be a useful tool to objectively assess responses to future treatments.

This study adopted a flipped learning approach to blended learning as a means to encourage students to be self-learners. A self-regulated learning system was developed to support flipped learning activities. The flipped learning system comprises a video lecture and online quizzes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among motivation belief (i.e., intrinsic value, selfefficacy), self-regulated learning strategy, the effectiveness of blended learning with a self-regulated flipped learning system, and learning outcomes. In the context of a flipped classroom, students showed significant improvement in the language proficiency measures. A well-fitting model emerged detailing the respective structures of motivation belief and learning strategies, and task value and self-efficacy were found to underpin both. Task value and meta-cognitive and cognitive strategy use were found to directly predict satisfaction as well as mediate the effects of intrinsic goal motivation and self-efficacy on satisfaction. The results suggest that flipped learning is an effective tool for EFL classrooms.