A n important step in the optimization of a glass container production cycle is the determination of the glass temperature distribution during heat treatment. The ideal approach to this problem is to formulate a theoretical model for comparison against experimental data measured in a welldetermined system. Discrepancies between theory and experiment may then give further direction for model improvement. This approach, however, is limited because of the difficulties in measuring glass temperature distribution during forming.Another approach is to use the model to predict glass surface heat fluxes during the forming cycle and test the computed results against published values of glass to metal heat fluxes measured during glass container production on an individual section (IS.) Blow-and-Blow bottle machine.A computer model has been developed to calculate the temperature distribution in a glass plate. The model includes the three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation. The process is complicated by simultaneous internal emission and reabsorption of radiant energy within the glass in the non-opaque region of the spectrum. With the problem being simplified to a one-dimensional case, the glass plate is divided into several slices. An energy balance on each slice yields a system of integro-partial differential equations which are solved to obtain the temperature distribution.Results in the form of temperature-time, temperature-distance and surface heat flux-time plots are presented and compared with published models and with experimental data.

The SCFBC is basically a countercurrent contacting unit of downward moving solids with the hot combustion products mbving up the stages. Each contacting stage is a shallow fliidized bed providing intimate contact between eas and solids. The desien of SCFBC's reouires rieorous determination oftemperatures, stream flow rates, and heat transfer rates at each stage. The determination is made by solving material balance, energy balance, and appropriate rate equations for each stage.In this work a technical and economic evaluation of the SCFBC is presented. Analysis of an SCFBC producing 75,000 Ib/hr steam at 200psig is presented with respect to its thermal efficiency, carbon combustion efficiency, sulfur capture efficiency, and sorbent utilization. Effects of the Ca/S ratio on the percent sulfur retention, and carbon burnout efficiency, and effects of stack gas temperature on plant thermal efficiency, total capital costs, and unit cost of steam, and effects of boiler size on the total capital cost and on the unit cost of steam are presented. Effects of variations in cost of operating parameters, e.g., water, sorbent, fuel, etc., on the steam cost are discussed.