Abstract. Quantum fields propagating on a curved spacetime are investigated in terms of microlocal analysis. We discuss a condition on the wave front set for the corresponding n-point distributions, called "microlocal spectrum condition" (µSC). On Minkowski space, this condition is satisfied as a consequence of the usual spectrum condition. Based on Radzikowski's determination of the wave front set of the two-point function of a free scalar field, satisfying the Hadamard condition in the Kay and Wald sense, we construct in the second part of this paper all Wick polynomials including the energy-momentum tensor for this field as operator valued distributions on the manifold and prove that they satisfy our microlocal spectrum condition.

The application of a liquid/liquid microsegmented flow for serial high-throughput microanalytical systems shows promising prospects for applications in clinical chemistry, pharmaceutical research, process diagnostics, and analytical chemistry. Microscopy and microspectral analytics offer powerful approaches for the analytical readout of droplet based assays. Within the generated segments, individuality and integrity are retained during the complete diagnostic process making the approach favored for analysis of individual microscaled objects like cells and microorganisms embedded in droplets. Here we report on the online application of surface-enhanced micro-Raman spectroscopy for the detection and quantization of analytes in a liquid/liquid segmented microfluidic system. Data acquisition was performed in microsegments down to a volume of 180 nl. With this approach, we overcome the well-known problem of adhesion of colloid/analyte conjugates to the optical windows of detection cuvettes, which causes the so-called "memory effect". The combination of the segmented microfluidic system with the highly sensitive SERS technique reaches in a reproducible quantification of analytes with the SERS technique.

The conceptual structure of the aesthetics of objects was investigated. To this end, associative namings for the word "aesthetics" were collected from 311 nonartist German college students in a timed verbal association task. 590 different adjectives were produced, depicting diversification of the concept. The adjective "beautiful" was given by more than 90% of the participants. The adjective "ugly" was the second most frequent naming, used by almost half of the students. All other namings were markedly less frequently produced. It is argues that the beautiful-ugly dimension represents the primary concept in the aesthetics of objects, so that performing aesthetic judgments of the beauty of objects comes naturally to individuals. In other words, the most prototypical aesthetic judgments are those of beauty. Furthermore, the majority of generated words had a positive valence as measured by an additional valence-rating study including 41 participants. This result contrasts with comparable studies of emotion terms, as such studies typically show a negativity bias. Frequency in general language use and valence of the adjectives did not account for the results.