Tfie theoretical basis of this article is the concept of ecotypes. as it has been developed by Scandinavian cirltirral anthropologists. With qiianritative as well as qualitative soiirces froni the eastern Alpine region, the idea of ecotypes is used to investigate the relationsfiip between faniily strirctcrre arid labor organization in agricitltiiral society. An iniplication of this stirdy is that protoindirstrialization theory niiist be modified, dgferentiated, and expanded. The large variety of faniily fornis of peasants and sniallfiolders. as they are shaped by the Organization of labor, is contrasted to the sinipli/ed model of a peasant and protoindiatrial faniily econoniy.

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