No abstract

No abstract

Organophosphites are a versatile component of liquid PVC heat stabilizers and stabilize PVC through a variety of mechanisms. Organophosphites can decompose peroxides, replace labile chlorines on the PVC backbone, scavenge HCl (via the Arbuzov rearrangement), complex Lewis acids, and add to double bonds. This paper attempts to identify the relative contributions of these mechanisms in both model systems and flexible PVC formulations.

No abstract

The potential exposure to p-nonylphenol from the use of tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite (TNPP) in food-contact materials was calculated. The calculation was made on the basis of migration data from moulded plaques prepared from linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), films prepared from LLDPE and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films. The data were obtained using the customary expermental procedures developed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The potential migration of p-nonylphenol to food from the use of TNPP as a component of food-contact articles was determined using food-simulating solvents and time and temperature conditions recommended by the FDA. Using the data obtained from these studies, along with procedures based on the FDA's conventional method for estimating potential dietary exposure using food simulating migration data, the potential dietary exposure to p-nonylphenol from the use of TNPP was determined to be approximately 25.5 parts per billion (ppb). Because the conditions of the migration tests exaggerate actual use conditions, this value overstates the potential dietary exposure.