Abstract. In this study, we describe the design and testing of a high output stability constant liquid feed nebulizer using the Venturi principle to generate liquid particles from solutions. This atomizer, the PRinted drOpleT Generator (PROTeGE) was manufactured using stereolithography (SLA) printing. Different concentrations of ammonium sulfate solutions were used to characterize the size and number concentration of the generated particles. A comparison of a 3D printed 0.5 mm orifice with a more dimensionally accurate and symmetric machined 0.5 mm brass orifice using the same ammonium sulfate solutions was also performed. PROTeGE is also shown to be capable of dispersing polystyrene latex spheres (PSLs) for calibration purposes. The particle number concentrations obtained in this study ranged from ~10 000 cm−3 for 0.75 micrometer to ~100 cm−3 for 5.0 micrometer PSL particles with a dependence on the concentration of the dispersed solution. PROTeGE is easy to manufacture and operate, low in maintenance, and cost-effective for laboratory and field generation of particles from aqueous media.

Abstract. A new inlet for studying the aerosol particles and hydrometeor residuals that compose mixed-phase clouds – the phaSe seParation Inlet for Droplets icE residuals and inteRstitial aerosol particles (SPIDER) – is described here. SPIDER combines a large pumped counterflow virtual impactor (L-PCVI), a flow tube evaporation chamber, and a pumped counterflow virtual impactor (PCVI) to separate droplets, ice crystals (∼3–25 µm), and interstitial aerosol particles for simultaneous sampling. Laboratory verification tests of each individual component and the composite SPIDER system were conducted. Transmission efficiency, evaporation, and ice crystals' survival were determined to show the capability of the system. The experiments show the SPIDER system can separate distinct cloud elements and interstitial aerosol particles for subsequent analysis. As a field instrument, SPIDER will help explore the properties of different cloud elements and interstitial aerosol particles in mixed-phase clouds.

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