In this study, we aimed to develop a technique for colloidal silver nanoparticle (AgNP) modification in order to increase their stability in aqueous suspensions. For this purpose, 40-nm spherical AgNPs were modified by the addition of either human albumin or Tween-80 (Polysorbate-80). After detailed characterization of their physicochemical properties, the hemolytic activity of the nonmodified and modified AgNPs was investigated, as well as their cytotoxicity and antimicrobial effects. Both albumin- and Tween-80-coated AgNPs demonstrated excellent stability in 0.9% sodium chloride solution (>12 months) compared to nonmodified AgNPs, characterized by their rapid precipitation. Hemolytic activity of nonmodified and albumin-coated AgNPs was found to be minimal, while Tween-80-modified AgNPs produced significant hemolysis after 1, 2, and 24 h of incubation. In addition, both native and Tween-80-covered AgNPs showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on human adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The albumin-coated AgNPs showed minimal cytotoxicity. The antimicrobial effects of native and albumin-coated AgNPs against S. aureus, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Corynebacterium spp., and Acinetobacter spp. were statistically significant. We conclude that albumin coating of AgNPs significantly contributes to improve stability, reduce cytotoxicity, and confers potent antimicrobial action.
The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant bacteria. A good alternative is silver nanoparticles, which have antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. Their combination with already known antibiotics has a synergistic effect. In this work, we studied the synthesis of conjugates of silver nanoparticles with two antibiotics, lincomycin and cefazolin. Albumin and glutathione were used as spacer shells with functional groups. The physicochemical properties of the obtained conjugates, their cytotoxicity and synergism of antimicrobial activity were studied. The 50% antimicrobial activity of the obtained samples was shown, which allows them to be recommended for use as topical drug preparations.
РезюмеАктуальность. Повышение антибактериального эффекта лекарственных препаратов за счет применения коллоидного раствора наночастиц серебра отражается во многих исследованиях. Создание различных форм препаратов для наружного применения с медленным высвобождением действующего вещества и антибактериальной активностью является актуальным и перспективным средством для применения в лечении поверхностных ран и повреждений. Цель. Синтез и стабилизация квазисферических наночастиц серебра для применения в лекарственных формах наружного применения. Материалы и методы. Для синтеза коллоидного серебра использовался цитратный метод. Лекарственные формы наружного применения готовились несколькими методами: реакция с альбумином, липосомальная форма, загущение аэросилом и инкорпорирование в микросферы. Результаты. Продемонстрировано несколько способов возможного приготовления готовых лекарственных форм на основе наночастиц коллоидного серебра: реакция с альбумином, липосомальная форма, загущение аэросилом и инкорпорирование в микросферы. Заключение. Дальнейшее исследование как антимикробной активности, так и цитотоксичности позволит выявить лекарственные формы с оптимальным соотношением эффективность/безопасность.Ключевые слова: лекарственные формы наружного применения, наночастицы серебра.
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