Most respondents were aware that HPV is a causative agent of cervical cancer. However, the majority were not aware of the association between oropharyngeal cancer and HPV. Furthermore, many respondents were not aware that HPV equally affects males and females and that the vaccine is available for both sexes. This underscores the need to educate the public on the availability of HPV vaccine and the association between HPV and oropharyngeal cancer.

Masked hypertension (MH), the presence of normal office blood pressure (BP) with elevated ambulatory pressure, has been shown to correlate with organ damage. Population‐based studies from Europe and Asia estimate a prevalence of 8.5% to 15.8%. Two small studies in African Americans estimate a prevalence >40%. Therefore, the authors utilized ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) to identify the prevalence of MH in our African American population. Pressure was recorded every 30 minutes while awake and every 60 minutes while asleep. Patients with 24‐hour average BP ≥135/85 mm Hg, awake average BP ≥140/90 mm Hg, or asleep average BP ≥125/75 mm Hg had MH. Seventy‐three participates had valid data. The mean age of the patients was 49.8 years, mean body mass index was 31.1, and 39 patients (53%) were women. Thirty‐three patients (45.2%) had MH. Patients with MH had higher clinic systolic BP and trended toward higher BMI values. The authors corroborated the high prevalence of MH in African Americans. ABPM is critical to diagnose hypertension in African Americans, particularly in those with high‐normal clinic pressure and obesity.

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the associations between switching from warfarin to non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs), exposure to potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs), and major bleeding events in working-age adults with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the claims database of commercially insured working-age adults with AF from 2010 to 2015. Switchers were defined as patients who switched from warfarin to NOAC; non-switchers were defined as those who remained on warfarin. We developed novel methods to calculate the number and proportion of days with potential DDIs with NOAC/warfarin. Multivariate logistic regressions were utilized to evaluate the associations between switching to NOACs, exposure to potential DDIs, and major bleeding events. Results Among a total of 4126 patients with AF, we found a significantly lower number of potential DDIs and the average proportion of days with potential DDIs in switchers than non-switchers. The number of potential DDIs (AOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27) and the HAS-BLED score (AOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.48–1.82) were significantly and positively associated with the likelihood of a major bleeding event. The proportion of days with potential DDIs was also significantly and positively associated with risk for bleeding (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03, 1.96). We did not find significant associations between switching to NOACs and major bleeding events. Conclusions The number and duration of potential DDIs and patients’ comorbidity burden are important factors to consider in the management of bleeding risk in working-age AF adults who take oral anticoagulants.

A 63-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of bilateral lower-extremity edema, a 30-lb weight gain, increasing shortness of breath, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Past medical history was significant for an initial episode of congestive heart failure in March 1995. A subsequent cardiac catheterization at that time showed a 90% occluded ostial left main coronary artery with high-grade lesions involving the mid left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex arteries. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery was performed with a left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft to the LAD and a saphenous vein graft to an obtuse marginal artery. The patient was referred for cardiac catheterization on this admission. An AL-1 catheter could not be successfully engaged into the left main artery and was subsequently directed toward the right coronary artery. There was no damping of the arterial waveform upon engagement. Two sets of biplane images in different projections showed this to be a 3.3-mm (by quantitative angiography) conus branch off the right coronary artery. It passed upward and over the right ventricular outflow tract to provide collateral flow to the LAD and subsequently the other vessels of the left coronary artery system. This type of collateral system is known as Vieussens' ring. Competitive flow was seen at the site of the LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis.