Neovolcanites from the Uherský Brod area sporadically enclose cm to dm large xenoliths of plutonic rocks. This paper focuses on characterization of xenoliths from the Bučník hill which are enclosed in trachyandesites by using classic petrographic methods. Based on mineral composition and textural features of main rock-forming minerals, the studied xenoliths can be classified as fine- to coarse-grained pyroxenic-amphibolic gabbros or diorites, respectively. They consist mainly of intermediate polysynthetically twinned plagioclase (andesine to labradorite; An44–55) and yellow-brown pleochroic magnesiohastingsite to pargasite (XMg = 0.64–0.75; Si = 6.09–6.29 apfu; Ti = 0.30–0.42 apfu). Relicts of diopside (XMg = 0.70–0.80; Ti = 0.01–0.03 apfu; Na = 0.03–0.04 apfu), brown strongly pleochroic phlogopite leaflets (XMg = 0.58–0.65; Si = 5.51–5.60), apatite columns (predominantly fluorapatite; F = 0.43–0.77 apfu) and K-feldspar (Ab16–17Or82–84An00–01) grains are less frequent. Amphiboles sporadically enclose round or tabular inclusions of labradorite to bytownite (An64–72) and subhedral olivine (Fo64). Xenoliths are similarly to host trachyandesites affected by superimposed hydrothermal alteration. Secondary minerals represent acid plagioclase (An05–10), chlorites (clinochlore; XMg = 0.55–0.67; Si = 3.13–3.29 apfu), carbonates (calcite and siderite), Ti-minerals (ilmenite, rutile and titanite), sulphides (pyrite and chalcopyrite) and less frequently quartz. The genetic affinity of xenoliths and the host neovolcanites is evidenced by the similarity in mineral composition and whole-rock chemistry. Xenoliths can be interpreted either as material from deeper parts of the magma chamber, or more probably as crystal cumulates (i.e. equivalents of cumulate gabbros).