The issue of unification of key parts of mobile cranes unification is under study. An explicit comparative analysis of the state of production of mobile cranes in Russia and abroad was carried out. The unit-modular method of completing of crane mechanisms is offered. Creation of efficient unified planetary modular gear trains for mobile
At present the problem of vertical transport safety is crucial as it is evidenced by the statistical data on the number of accidents and injuries There are no regulatory requirements for permissible safety level of the elevator performance. service support system for the elevator is aimed at maintaining the performance standard level throughout the specified service life of vertical transportation. For the elevator equipment which is a technically complex system, hazard is manifested in the form of failure of various structural elements that affect safety. In this study the probability of a hazardous situation is characterized as risk-failure.
Надежность и экологическая безопасность являются основными требованиями, предъявляемыми к системам водоснабжения и водоотведения. Трубопроводные системы – неотъемлемая часть инфраструктуры современных городов. Нарушения нормального уровня работы этих систем связаны в основном с авариями (отказами) на участках трубопроводов – наиболее функционально значимых, дорогостоящих и уязвимых элементов систем. Нарастающие темпы износа и неудовлетворительное техническое состояние значительного количества трубопроводов водоснабжения и водоотведения большинства городов и поселений России, ограничение в условиях реформирования жилищно-коммунального хозяйства России материальных ресурсов на их восстановление и обновление требуют научно обоснованного подхода к решению проблемы оценки и обеспечения их надежности. Отмечено, что до настоящего времени в отечественной практике накопление и использование статистических материалов, необходимых для определения показателей надежности элементов систем водоснабжения и водоотведения, а также планирование их восстановления организованы неудовлетворительно. Приведены методы оценки надежности трубопроводов, методика планирования их восстановления с использованием компъютерной программы, критерии выбора объектов восстановления трубопроводов и пути повышения их надежности. Reliability and environmental safety are the main requirements for water supply and wastewater disposal systems. Pipeline systems are an integral part of the infrastructure of modern cities. Malfunctions of these systems are mainly associated with failures in pipeline sections, that are the most functionally significant, expensive and vulnerable elements of the systems. The increasing rates of wear and unsatisfactory technical condition of a significant number of water pipelines and sewers in most cities and communities of Russia, the limited material resources for their rehabilitation and renovation in the context of reforming the housing services and public utilities of Russia require a scientifically based approach to solving the problem of assessing and ensuring their reliability. It is noted that up to now, in domestic practice, the accumulation and use of statistics for determining the reliability indicators of the elements of water supply and wastewater disposal systems, as well as planning their rehabilitation, have been arranged unsatisfactorily. Methods for assessing the reliability of pipelines, a methodology for planning their rehabilitation using a software application, criteria for selecting objects for pipeline renovation and ways to improve their reliability are presented.
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