At Saint- Nicolas, in the Québec City Strait, tidal current sands of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition preserve an exceptional marine fossil fauna: 34 types of invertebrates in addition to the microfossils, three species of marine mammals, three species of seabirds and five species of fish, whose 14 C age varies between 10 060 and 9810 BP (δ 13 C = 0 ‰). These sands are overlain by tidalites which correspond to the last phase of the Champlain Sea, until ca. 9750 BP. The lithological, geochemical, and paleontological data gathered in the area suggest that sedimentation took place in an archipelago which was located at the entrance of the Champlain Sea and was subjected to tides that reached levels on the order of 5 to 10 metres. The strong currents of the rising tide favored the late occurrence of salt water influx in the area. The archipelago protected the sedimentary units from erosion during ebb tide as well as from later fluvial erosion resulting from glacioisostatic rebound. Faunal diversity is associated with high marine productivity which is tied to the mixing of fresh and salt waters. The food web was composed of molluscs which were abundant at low tide, of fishes, walrus, seals, and birds that nested on the small rocky islands. This sedimentary and ecological system implies a stabilization of the relative sea level attributed to the early Holocene eustatic rise. The dissolved inorganic carbon effect in the Champlain Sea is assessed on the basis of a comparison of 14 C ages obtained from marine shells and wood. Ages from marine shells (δ 13 C= 0 ‰) are at least 350 y. older than stratigraphically equivalent wood ages (δ 13 C=25 ‰).À Saint-Nicolas, dans le détroit de Québec, des sables de courants de marée de la transition Pléistocène-Holocène contiennent une faune marine fossile exceptionnelle : 34 types d'invertébrés en plus des microfossiles, 3 de mammifères, 3 d'oiseaux et 5 de poissons, d'âge au 14 C compris entre 10 060 et 9810 BP (δ 13 C = 0 ‰). Ils sont recouverts par des tidalites qui marquent la phase ultime de la Mer de Champlain, jusque vers 9750 BP. L'ensemble des données lithologiques, géochimiques et paléontologiques évoque une sédimentation dans un archipel situé à l'entrée de la Mer de Champlain, soumis à des marées de l'ordre de 5 à 10 m d'amplitude. Les forts courants de marée montante ont favorisé le maintien tardif d'apports d'eaux salées. L'archipel a protégé les unités de l'érosion pendant le reflux des marées ainsi que de l'érosion fluviatile ultérieure liée au relèvement glacio-isostatique. La diversité faunique est associée à une forte productivité marine, liée au mélange des eaux douces et salées. La chaîne alimentaire allait de mollusques abondants à marée basse à des poissons, au morse, à des phoques et à des oiseaux qui nidifiaient sur les îlots rocheux. Le maintien de ce système sédimentaire et écologique implique une stabilisation du niveau marin relatif attribuée à la remontée...
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