This paper discusses the need for reliable and valid multi-scale and multi-physics prediction models to support the design of new as well as the assessment, maintenance, and repair of existing reinforced concrete structures. A multi-physics and multi-scale deterioration model for chloride-induced corrosion of reinforced concrete has been established. Ongoing work includes extension of the model to 3D as well as modelling of the impact of the steel-concrete interface characteristics and electrochemical potential on chloride thresholds. Identified challenges include, among others, the improved understanding and modelling of single-and multi-deterioration mechanisms, environmental exposure, and data for validation. We envision that next generation maintenance and management of reinforced concrete infrastructure will combine numerical simulations based on multi-scale and multi-physics principles and extensive in-situ monitoring, allowing continuous Bayesian updating of 4D simulations of functional performance.