This qualitative study compared the availability of, access to, and use of new technologies in a group of low– and high–socioeconomic status (SES) California high schools. Although student-computer ratios in the schools were similar, the social contexts of computer use differed, with low-SES schools affected by uneven human support networks, irregular home access to computers by students, and pressure to raise school test scores while addressing the needs of large numbers of English learners. These differences were expressed within three main patterns of technology access and use, labeled performativity, workability, and complexity, each of which shaped schools’ efforts to deploy new technologies for academic preparation.
Remix means to take cultural artifacts and combine and manipulate them into new kinds of creative blends. In this sense, remix is as old as human cultures, and human cultures are themselves products of remixing. Since the late 1980s, however—originating with highly contrived forms of music remix by dancehall DJs—remix practices have been greatly amplified in scope and sophistication by recent developments in digital technologies. These make it possible for home‐based digital practitioners to produce polished remixes across a range of media and cultural forms. This has in turn strengthened remix culture, encouraging seemingly endless hybridizations in language, genre, content, technique, and the like, and raised questions of legal, educational, and cultural import. This article samples remix culture and identifies some key implications remix practices have for literacy in general, and literacy education in particular. المقصود من عبارة إعادة الخليط هو أخذ الأدوات الثقافية وجمعها وجعلها أنواعاً جديدة من خلطات مبدعة. وفي هذا المفهوم عمر إعادة الخليط عمر الثقافات الإنسانية والثقافات الإنسانية هي بالتالي نتيجة لإعادة الخليط. ولكن ومنذ أواخر الثمانينيات—صدرت هذه الظاهرة من أنواع موسيقا إعادة الخليط المصطنعة للغاية على يد منسّقي موسيقا في قاعات الرقص—قد توسّعت وتعقّدت ممارسات إعادة الخليط في نطاقها نتيجة للتطوّرات الأخيرة في التقنية الرقمية التي تجعل من الممكن لممارسي الرقمية الذين ينسقون الموسيقا في البيت أن ينتجوا إعادة خلطات محترفة عبر أشكال وسائلية وثقافية مختلفة. وهذا بدوره عزّز ثقافة إعادة الخليط مشجعاً ما يبدو كأنه تهجينات لا نهاية لها في اللغة والنوع والمحتوى والتقنية وما إلى ذلك ورفع أسئلة شرعية وتعليمية وثقافية. وتأخذ هذه المقالة عينات من ثقافة إعادة الخليط وتبيّن بعض عواقب ممارسات إعادة الخليط الرئيسية لمعرفة القراءة والكتابة بصورة عامة وتعليم القراءة والكتابة بصورة خاصة. “混音”的意思是把多種文化产物合拼,加以巧妙的處理,使之成為具有创意的新颖混合品種。就这意义来说,混音与人类文化同樣是歷史悠久,而人类文化本身就是混音的產物。混音本來是源出于舞场内唱片骑师所采用的高度人為拼凑而成的音乐形式,但自二十世紀八十年代的後期开始,混音的實踐,已被近今数码科技的新发展大大擴闊了它的應用範圍和大大提高了它的精密度。这些变化,可以为在家中工作的数码科技从业者提供一个在家中亦能製作出跨越多種媒体及文化领域的精湛混音作品的可能性。这种可能性继而加强了混音文化,鼓励了几乎无穷无尽的语言、体裁、内容、技巧等等的交杂创作;这种可能性并亦提出了有关在法律上、教育上、文化输入上的种种问题。本文选取混音文化的样本,并指出混音实践在一般读写能力上,尤其是在读写能力教育上所带来的一些重要含义。 Remixer signifie prendre des produits culturels, les combiner et les manipuler pour en faire de nouveaux genres de mélanges créatifs. En ce sens, le fait de remixer est aussi vieux que les cultures humaines, et les cultures humaines sont elles‐mêmes des produits de remixages. Depuis le début des années quatre‐vingt cependant — à partir des formes contraintes de musique remixée par les DJ des salles de dance — les pratiques de remixage se sont très largement répandues du fait du développement récent des technologies numériques. Celles‐ci ont rendu possible à des praticiens utilisant ces technologies chez eux de produire des remixages soignés dans toutes sortes de formes médiatiques et culturelles. Ceci à son tour a conduit à étendre encore la culture remixée, en encourageant des hybridations apparemment infinies de langues, de genres, de contenus, de techniques, et d'autres choses de ce genre, ce q...
This article argues that 'new literacies' is a useful construct for recognizing and understanding the extent to which changes in the current conjuncture are extending social practices of using codes for making and exchanging meanings in directions that warrant serious rethinking of how and why we research literacies. It provides a conceptual definition of 'literacies', according to which literacies can best be described as new when they are constituted by 'new technical stuff' and 'new ethos stuff'. On the basis of this account of new literacies the article advances a framework for envisaging new literacies research agendas and briefly discusses two cases of current research that illustrate this framework.
New literacies research offers valuable insights into young people's everyday literacy practices. Teachers can use the kinds of research outcomes reported here to build on new literacies in appropriate ways for academic purposes.
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