<p>Actualmente la diabetes mellitus es un problema de salud pública mundial. En este trabajo, se proponen estrategias de control para mantener los niveles de glucosa en sangre de pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 en los rangos ideales en pro de la salud del paciente y su calidad de vida. La primera estrategia propone una retroalimentación de estados con restricciones de positividad, que en términos médicos representa la eliminación de episodios de hipoglucemia durante períodos prolongados de ayuno. Posteriormente, se realiza una extensión para lograr el rechazo de las perturbaciones por ingesta de alimentos, mediante el acoplamiento de un control proporcional, integral y derivativo. La segunda estrategia es un control predictivo con entrada impulsiva y regulación hacia una zona objetivo. Finalmente, el desempeño de las estrategias es evaluado en 50 pacientes virtuales extraídos de la literatura y en el Simulador UVa / Padova aprobado por la Food and Drug Administration de EEUU.</p>
This paper examines the performance of two new closed-loop control strategies developed as part of the Artificial Pancreas project, this being the most promising treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. The first strategy uses a new version of the well-known proportional, integral and derivative control, developed to respect state and input positivity constraints. The second is a new formulation of model-based predictive control with an impulsive input. The strategies’ performance is evaluated with 50 virtual patients taken from the literature and the UVa/Padova metabolic simulator, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Also, a robustness analysis is added to evaluate the strategies under the parametric variations of the most important physiological parameters. The results show that both strategies have a good performance with low to moderate plant-model mismatch.
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