Abstract. Returning Atlantic salmon subsidize rivers with marine-derived nutrients (MDNs), potentially altering food web dynamics, shifting to reliance on marine-derived resources. Stream channels designed to simulate natural river systems, one with MDNs from spawning Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and one without marine-nutrient subsidies (control), were used to determine whether fatty acids (FAs) delivered to rivers and streams by spawning Atlantic salmon are incorporated by freshwater biota. Changes in FA profiles between stream channels with and without MDN inputs for biofilm, macroinvertebrates, and Atlantic salmon parr were used to characterize temporal dynamics of MDN incorporation during pre-spawning, spawning, and post-spawning periods. There were no differences between control and treatment stream channels prior to the addition of Atlantic salmon. Spawning Atlantic salmon had a positive effect on total lipid content in all trophic levels (biofilm, 4.33%; macroinvertebrates, 7.54%; salmon parr, 2.59%), relative to controls. Fatty acid profiles between the MDN treatment and control stream channels were similar for each biotic group prior to the introduction of adult Atlantic salmon; however, following adult salmon introductions, the FA profiles of the biofilm, invertebrates, and salmon parr differed by as much as 36.7%, 30.3%, and 22.9%, respectively, between the MDN treatment stream channels and the controls. Fatty acid profiles of the invertebrates and salmon parr from the MDN treatment stream channels tracked the FA profile of the salmon eggs. Proportions of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid varied with diet in a predictable manner related to dietary FA proportions. These responses demonstrate a change in the food web structure resulting from the establishment of this new, marine-based, basal resource. The positive effects of MDNs increasing freshwater productivity are complimented by marine-based lipids that represent surplus energy and an increase in the quality of resources, thereby contributing to the diversity and health of freshwater ecosystems.
________________________________________________________________As archaeologists, we tend to forget the extent to which our everyday experiences frame our potential understandings of past cultures. Instead of being taken for granted, such experiences need to be explored so that we may more fully acknowledge how our own pasts have an eminent role in the production of archaeological knowledge, from the methods through which we recover and record our data to the kinds of investigations we deem worthy of effort. While our decisions and thought processes are readily recognized to have had genesis in the archaeological and theoretical approaches which came before, an entire body of cultural and experiential knowledge remains ignored. In the interest of addressing this disparity, meticulous reflexive investigations of the day-to-day world of the individual archaeologist can be used to provide insights into the less formal factors informing research trajectories, by providing alternative viewpoints and bringing hidden components of experience to light. This paper discusses a critical thinking exercise which examines the utility of deep descriptions of contemporary commonplace experiences, employing a variety of media and documentation techniques, in assessing our interpretations of the past. A case study of 'The Virtual Pub Project' illustrates the practical application of this approach. ________________________________________________________________ Résumé: En tant qu'archéologues, nous avons tendance à oublier l'étendue selon laquelle nos expériences de chaque jour encadrent nos compréhensions potentielles des cultures passées. Au lieu d'être prises pour argent comptant, de telles expériences doivent être explorées de telle manière que nous pourrons pleinement connaître comment nos passés personnels ont un rô le éminent dans la connaissance archéologique, des méthodes grâce auxquelles nous restaurons et enregistrons nos données des diverses investigations que nous jugeons digne d'effort. Tandis que nos processus de décisions et de pensée sont volontiers reconnus pour avoir eu leur genèse dans les approches archéologiques et théoriques antérieures, une organisation entière de connaissance culturelle et expérimentale reste ignorée. Dans l'intérêt d'aborder cette disparité, des investigations méticuleuses réfléchies du monde au jour le jour de l'archéologue peuvent être utilisées pour donner un aperçu des facteurs les moins formels informant les pistes de recherche, en présentant des points de vue différents et en mettant à jour des composantes d'expériences cachées Cet article traite d'un exercice de pensée critique qui examine l'utilité de descriptions en profondeur d'expériences contemporaines banales, en employant une variété de médias et documentations techniques, en évaluant nos interprétations du passé. Un cas d'étude de « The Virtual Pub Project » illustre l'application pratique de cette approche. ________________________________________________________________Resumen: Como arqueó logos, tendemos a olvidar lo mu...
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