Students are often asked to judge their own creativity. There is some evidence that such judgments correlate modestly with other self-report data and some divergent thinking test measures. Only limited work, however, has been done comparing self-reported creativity with actual creative performance. Because levels of self-reported creativity might vary across domainswhich would allow greater likelihood of accuracy of such reports-we examined self-reports of creativity in four domains and compared these with expert ratings of subjects' work in those domains (as judged using the Consensual Assessment Technique). Subjects were 78 fourth-grade students. The students did not predict uniform levels of creativity for themselves across domains (all self-assessments correlated across domains less than .30). However, these predictions did not match expert ratings of the students' creative products in each domain. These results challenge the validity of self-assessments of creativity among students of this age, even when the students are given the opportunity to give themselves different creativity ratings in different domains.
Magnetic fields generated by a current flowing through a U-shaped coil connecting two copper foils were measured using ultrafast proton radiography. Two ∼1.25 kJ, 1-ns laser pulses propagated through laser entrance holes in the front foil and were focused to the back foil with an intensity of ∼3 × 1016 W/cm2. The intense laser-solid interaction induced a high voltage between the copper foils and generated a large current in the connecting coil. The proton data show ∼40–50 T magnetic fields at the center of the coil ∼3–4 ns after laser irradiation. The experiments provide significant insight for future target designs that aim to develop a powerful source of external magnetic fields for various applications in high-energy-density science.
Summary Objectives To evaluate the potential of the automated titre score (TS) as an alternative method to continuous flow analysis (CFA) for the prediction of the nature of anti‐D in pregnancy. Background The 2016 revised British Society for Haematology (BSH) antenatal guidelines recommended a measurement of anti‐D concentration by CFA to ensure the detection of potential immune anti‐D. Due to high referral costs and resource pressures, uptake has been challenging for hospital laboratories. Serious Hazards of transfusion (SHOT) data have previously shown that this has contributed to missed antenatal follow ups for women with immune anti‐D and neonates affected by haemolytic disease of the fetus/newborn. Methods/Materials In this multicentre comparative study, samples referred for CFA quantification were also tested by an ORTHO VISION automated anti‐D indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) serial dilution and then converted to TS. CFA results and history of anti‐D prophylaxis were used to categorise samples as passive or immune, with the aim of determining a potential TS cut‐off for CFA referral of at risk patients. Results Five UK National Health Service (NHS) trusts generated a total of 196 anti‐D TS results, of which 128 were classified as passive and 68 as immune. Diagnostic testing of CFA and TS values indicated a TS cut‐off of 35 to assist in distinguishing the nature of anti‐D. Using this cut‐off, 175 (89%) results were correctly assigned into the passive or immune range, giving a specificity of 92.19% and a negative predictive value of 91.47%. Conclusion TS in conjunction with clinical and anti‐D prophylaxis history can be used as a viable and cost‐effective alternative to CFA in a hospital laboratory setting.
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