This study examined social influences on adolescents' responses to drug offers. Seventy narrative accounts of both successful and unsuccessful attempts to say no were collected. From these data, the authors developed a typology of both drug offers and drug resistance strategies. In addition, typologies were developed for: who made the offer, what substance was offered, where the offer occurred, and why the subject responded as she or he did. As well, the study revealed the influence of the type of drug, alcohol or controlled substance, on the process of offering and resisting.The analysis revealed that adolescents were more likely to resist offers of controlled substances and did so more often when the offer was made by an acquaintance at school. When they did refuse, they were most likely to simply say no. Also, teenagers were more likely to accept offers of alcohol, particularly from friends in social situations when the friends used persuasive appeals.

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This study investigated the social context of drug offers among college students. The communicative processes involved in drug offers and resistance were examined along with drug use history, gender, family income, relationship to offerer, and location of offer. The prevailing pattern was of simple offers followed by simple statements of no, with no continuing pressure by the offerer. However, some form of pressure was reported in almost half of the cases and most frequently resulted from resisting through statements of dislike for product or lack of desire. The least amount of pressure was associated with marijuana offers.