This paper describes a study of the reasons for delay in software development that was carried out in 1988 and 1989 in a Software Engineering Department. The aim of the study was to gain an insight into the reasons for differences between plans and reality in development activities in order to be able to take actions for improvement. A classification was used to determine the reasons. One hundred and sixty activities, comprising over 15 000 hours of work, have been analyzed. Actions have been taken in the Department as a result of the study. These actions should enable future projects to follow the plan more closely. The actions for improvement include the introduction of maintenance weeks. Similar studies in other software development departments have shown that the reasons varied widely from one department to another. It is recommended that every department should gain an insight into its reasons for delay in software development so as to be able to take appropriate actions for improvement.

E-collaborationRutkowski, Anne-Francoise; Vogel, D.; van Genuchten, M.; Bemelmans, T.M.A.; Favier, M.

The Terminology Used to Develop and Test the VSP Theory Terminology Definition Synonym Operationalization Concept of Virtuality Second Life User Person having an avatar in the SL virtual World Virtual World denizens, Second Life user, social actor, visitor, user, friend Participants Avatar Animated characters that are graphical representation of people (Davis, et al. 2009) Animated characters Avatar Virtual world(s) (VW(s)) An electronic environment that visually mimics complex physical spaces, where people can interact with each other and with virtual objects, and where people are represented by animated characters (Bainbridge 2007, p. 472) Digital world, social virtual, world, virtual environment, apparent three dimensional environment Second Life (SL) Virtual Object Object designed using apparent three dimensionality displayed in VWs IT tools, Interactive work tools, virtual tools, VW tools Tools namely, brainstorming tool, idea organizer, voting floor

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