these findings suggest that both peripheral and proximal arterial wall distensibility in children decline after birth, although total arterial buffering capacity increases. The present results provide the first quantification of in vivo age-associated changes in arterial elastic properties in children, and are potentially useful as a reference for future studies of patients with diseases that involve the vascular system.

We clarify how the RCA manages to increase flow through it at different HR as a function of chronic RVP overload in pediatric cardiac patients.

PAI reflects the state of the pulmonary vascular bed, especially when the peripheral arteries develop in proportion to the central pulmonary artery.

No abstract

Reports indicate lower Down syndrome (DS) survival among females than among males in Australia, contrasting with female longevity in the general population. Using data on 1310 people with DS (626 females and 684 males) in Japan from five hospitals’ medical records and questionnaires completed by parents of people with DS, we investigated sex differences in congenital heart disease (CHD), which may be related to mortality. The CHD rate was significantly higher for females (354, 57%) than for males (338, 49%; p=0.010). Significantly more females (199, 32%) than males (175, 26%) underwent surgery for CHD (p=0.018).