PT Pertamina (Persero) Sungai Pakning Refinery Unit II as one of Indonesia's state-owned oil and gas companies has contributed to the empowerment of communities around its operational areas through the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) scheme. In carrying out CSR programs, the company pays attention to the social relations of the target communities. This study focuses on analyzing the forms of social relations of the CSR target communities and their impacts on the implementation of CSR programs of PT Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit II Sungai Pakning. Social relations in this study are defined into three forms of relations, namely bonding, bridging and linking, each of which has different impacts on the social conditions of the beneficiary communities. This research is based on qualitative approach, conducted in three target communities in different areas within Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province, namely Sungai Pakning Village, Sungai Selari Village, and Pangkalan Jambi Village, during the period of 2017-2018. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentations. The study finds various forms of social relations. Bonding relations show that intra-group bonds are important to maintain group cohesiveness. Bridging relations show that ties between groups need to be developed in order to connect each others and work together. While the linking relationships show that there is a good impact for groups that have closer relationships with the higher power institutions. These results indicate that the forms of social relations have important impacts on the implementation of CSR programs and need to be maintained through participatory communication activities in order to create sustainable social relations. This study also finds that good social relations will be strong support to raise community awareness and participation in practicing sustainable environmental management.
Penelitian ini beranjak dari terbatasnya kajian CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) pada masyarakat penerima manfaat di Indonesia. Teori yang diadaptasi dalam penelitian ini adalah teori modal sosial oleh Woolcock & Narayan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif interpretif model Neuman. Penelitian ini menelaah bentuk-bentuk modal sosial dalam berbagai bentuk relasi sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beragam bentuk relasi sosial yang ada di masyarakat, yaitu bonding, bridging dan linking. Relasi bonding menunjukkan bahwa ikatan intra kelompok penting untuk diperhatikan guna menjaga kekompakan kelompok. Relasi bridging menunjukkan bahwa ikatan antar kelompok perlu dibangun guna terjalin kerja sama antara kelompok binaan dengan kelompok binaan lain. Sedangkan relasi linking menunjukkan bahwa adanya dampak yang baik bagi kelompok-kelompok yang memiliki kedekatan hubungan dengan lembaga kekuasaan yang lebih tinggi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga bentuk relasi sosial memiliki dampak terhadap pelaksanaan CSR di suatu perusahaan. Relasi ini penting untuk dijaga melalui kegiatan komunikasi yang bertujuan untuk pembangunan yang dilakukan melalui cara-cara yang lebih intensif, terbuka dan partisipatif guna melahirkan relasi sosial yang sehat dan berkelanjutan.
Climate change is currently a very troubling problem in the world. Indonesia is also one of the countries affected by climate change This also happened in the Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. The impact of climate change can be seen directly in the Bukit Batu area with the emergence of disasters that occurred there, in the coastal area the perceived impact is an increase in tidal water levels every year which causes tidal flooding and abrasion, in addition to the problems in peat areas that often occur. There are land and forest fires during the summer season and flooding in the rainy season. Through the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Unit Sungai Pakning,like “Program Kampung Iklim”, “Kampung Gambut Berdikari”, “Permata Hijau Pesisir Gambut”, “ Sekolah Cinta Gambut” programs, the community around the company began to be able to adapt in various ways with the assistance provided by the company and government too. So that with the CSR program, the community will be able to live sustainably. In addition, collaboration between stakeholders is also very helpfull for the success of the program in supporting community adaptation efforts to climate change. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the condition of the area affected by climate change with a purposive sampling procedure for the CSR program of PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Unit Sungai Pakning. With this collaboration program, climate change problems have begun to be handle, such as in Pangkalan Jambi and Sungai Pakning Village.
Inovasi sosial adalah kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan/kebutuhan sosial dengan lebih efektif dibandingkan solusi yang ada saat ini serta mendorong perbaikan kapabilitas dan hubungan sosial, pemanfaatan aset serta sumber daya dengan lebih baik. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis inovasi sosial yang dilakukan di Sentra Industri Tempe Tradisional Kelurahan Plaju Ulu, Kota Palembang, Sumatera Selatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya saing industri tempe yang ada di wilayah tersebut serta menyelesaikan permasalahan lingkungan seperti lingkungan yang kumuh dan tata kelola limbah yang sembarangan. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan melalui pendampingan, perbaikan sarana dan prasarana, pelatihan hingga pemasaran produk untuk meningkatkan daya saing industri tempe tradisional. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah terciptanya inovasi sosial berupa “Kampung Pangan Inovatif” yang menjadi sentra kuliner tradisioinal di Kota Palembang yang inovatif dengan berbagai produk turunan tempe seperti keripik, nugget hingga tauco. Selain itu, keberhasilan “Kampung Pangan Inovatif” juga dilihat dari keberhasilan kampung ini mendapatkan penghargaan PROKLIM dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia pada tahun 2021 untuk kategori Utama.
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