Some people remain healthier throughout life than others but the underlying reasons are poorly understood. Here we hypothesize this advantage is attributable in part to optimal immune resilience (IR), defined as the capacity to preserve and/or rapidly restore immune functions that promote disease resistance (immunocompetence) and control inflammation in infectious diseases as well as other causes of inflammatory stress. We gauge IR levels with two distinct peripheral blood metrics that quantify the balance between (i) CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell levels and (ii) gene expression signatures tracking longevity-associated immunocompetence and mortality-associated inflammation. Profiles of IR metrics in ~48,500 individuals collectively indicate that some persons resist degradation of IR both during aging and when challenged with varied inflammatory stressors. With this resistance, preservation of optimal IR tracked (i) a lower risk of HIV acquisition, AIDS development, symptomatic influenza infection, and recurrent skin cancer; (ii) survival during COVID-19 and sepsis; and (iii) longevity. IR degradation is potentially reversible by decreasing inflammatory stress. Overall, we show that optimal IR is a trait observed across the age spectrum, more common in females, and aligned with a specific immunocompetence-inflammation balance linked to favorable immunity-dependent health outcomes. IR metrics and mechanisms have utility both as biomarkers for measuring immune health and for improving health outcomes.

In Mexico, use of river water for households, agriculture and industry has adversely affected aquatic environment through chemical and microbial contamination. The aim of this study was to determine pesticide residues levels in water of rivers from central Sinaloa State, Northwestern Mexico. In samples obtained from July 2008 to June 2009 pesticides residues detected were lindane, heptachlor, endosulfan, dicloro difenil tricloroetano (DDT), diazinon, chlorpyrifos, permethrin, methyl parathion, cyromazine, ethion, carbofenothion, lambda cyhalotrine, pyrimicarb, malathion and aldrin. None exceeded water quality ecological criteria or those established by US Environmental Protection Agency. Comparatively low concentrations and frequencies suggest that pesticide contamination derived from runoffs toward river from contaminated soil particles and not from use of pesticides in intensive agriculture of region.

Los metabolitos secundarios presentes en plantas han demostrado ejercer diversas propiedades biológicas, principalmente el grupo de alcaloides, los cuales han sido investigados por su actividad fungicida, capaz de reemplazar a los productos sintéticos. Las especies del género Jatropha han sido estudiadas por su amplia variedad de metabolitos secundarios con potencial antimicrobiano, logrando ser relevantes en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas al control de hongos de importancia clínica y alimentaria como Aspergillus parasiticus, considerado como una de las principales especies de hongos productores de aflatoxinas. En el presente trabajo se identificó por primera vez por cromatografía en capa fina de alta resolución (HPTLC) la presencia de alcaloides en Jatropha platyphylla y se evaluó la actividad inhibitoria de los extractos metanólicos y fracción enriquecida de alcaloides, a concentraciones de 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 y 2 mg/mL, sobre el crecimiento radial de A. parasiticus. Además se determinó su germinación a partir de la CI50 de los tratamientos. Se observó una mayor actividad de los alcaloides a 2 mg/mL, con el 80 % de inhibición a las 48 h  (P< 0,05), con una CI50 de 2.7 mg/mL. Estos resultados evidencian a los alcaloides de J. platyphylla como posibles tratamientos alternativos al control de A. parasiticus.

An increasing demand of energy and fuels for diverse applications, in addition to the depletion and negative effects of fossil resources, has raised the interest to use nonedible biomass or residual biomass as alternative raw material to produce renewable fuels for heavy vehicles. Currently, several projects around the world aim the sustainable production of green fuels and a major challenge to overcome is to guarantee the continuous supply or biomass required as raw materials. To this purpose, non-edible vegetable oils, such as Jatropha curcas (JC) oil, have been suggested as a very favorable feedstock. In this review, we briefly summarized the potential to produce JC seeds and oil in Mexico as well as the outcomes and challenges found when JC oil was used to biodiesel production. We also identify some the actions required to establish a JC supply chain, which is a basic premise to promote the development of green liquid fuels such as sustainable aviation fuel.