Manifestações cutâneas em indivíduos infectados ou com doençasAbstract: O Leiomiossarcoma cutâneo é um tumor maligno que representa 7% dos sarcomas dos tecidos moles, afetando, mais frequentemente, homens entre os 50-70 anos. A localização, no tronco, é atípica, constituindo 10 a 15% dos casos. A radioterapia e o traumatismo prévio têm sido referidos como fatores de risco. Descrevemos um homem de 57 anos, com tumor eritemato-violáceo, indolor, de consistência dura, localizado na região pré-esternal, com cerca de oito meses de evolução. A histopatologia evidenciou tumor maligno de células fusiformes, com núcleos em forma de "charuto", pleomórficos, com alto índice mitótico, ocupando toda a espessura da derme. Estas células expressaram actina do músculo liso, desmina e vimentina e foram negativas para proteína S-100 e pancitoqueratina. Foi efetuada a exérese cirúrgica radical do tumor. Palavras-chave: Imuno-histoquímica; Leiomiossarcoma; Sarcoma Resumo: Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is a relatively uncommon tumor that accounts for 7% of all soft tissue sarcomas. It occurs more frequently in males between 50-70 years and only 10-15% of cases are located on the trunk. Radiotherapy and previous trauma have been implied as risk factors. We report the case of a 57 year-old male with an eight-month history of a hard painless erythematous-violaceous tumor on the presternal region. Histopathology evidenced a malignant spindle cell tumor, "cigar" shaped, with pleomorphic nuclei and a high mitotic index that occupied the entire dermal thickness. Immunohistochemical staining of the tumor cells was positive for smooth muscle actin, desmin and vimentin and negative for S-100 protein and pan-cytokeratin, which supported the diagnosis of dermal leiomyosarcoma. Radical surgery was performed to remove the tumor.

Orbital cellulitis is a rare, serious and potentially fatal condition, usually associated with trauma to the eyelids, external ocular infection, upper respiratory tract infection and, especially, sinusitis. It is distinct from the more common periorbital cellulitis because it involves all contents of the orbit and may threaten both the vision and the life of the patient. It occurs with greater frequency in children. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with severe facial and right periorbital cellulitis who rapidly developed orbital involvement, as shown by computed tomography. Apart from a bilateral retroauricular dermatitis, present for several years, the woman had been always healthy. Systemic antibiotics were started without delay and she recovered very well, with no ocular sequelae. This case illustrates that a subset of bacterial skin infections is becoming more aggressive and should be recognized and treated early.

A elastólise da derme papilar semelhante a pseudoxantoma elástico (EDP-PXE) é uma entidade clinico- -patológica adquirida, de etiologia desconhecida, caracterizada por ausência parcial ou total de fibras elásticas na derme superficial. Reportamos o caso clínico de uma doente caucasiana de 62 anos, fototipo III, com uma dermatose localizada nas regiões posterior e laterais do pescoço caracterizada por múltiplas pápulas amareladas, monomórficas, arredondadas, com 2-3mm de diâmetro, assintomáticas, presentes desde há cerca de 2 anos. O exame histopatológico, com a coloração de orceína, revelou ausência quase total de fibras elásticas na derme superficial, compatível com o diagnóstico de EDP-PXE. Consideramos que esta entidade, exclusivamente cutânea, está sub-diagnosticada por se tratar de uma patologia assintomática, cujo diagnóstico histopatológico está dificultado, na ausência de corretas hipóteses de diagnóstico.

We report a 35-year-old caucasian female with a history of polymorphic light eruption (PLE) who, after the outbreak of pruritic papules following the first sun exposure of the year, developed target lesions in two different bouts, the first on sun-exposed skin and the second on sun-protected sites. A diagnosis of erythema multiforme (EM) developing as a result of PLE was made. As far as we were able to search in the literature, EM occurring in two bouts has not been described previously. We discuss the differential diagnosis.

Background. Owing to the migratory movement between African and European countries, we have been seeing an increasing number of dermatoses in patients with darker skin phenotypes in our clinical practice. Aim. To evaluate the support provided by outpatient dermatology consultations to such patients and to assess the most frequent dermatoses seen in this population. Methods. A retrospective 5-year study was conducted in a Portuguese hospital, which is a referral centre to several medical specialities for patients evacuated from Portuguese-speaking African countries, under a specific agreement of international cooperation in health. Results. In total, 116 patients, with a mean age of 38 years, were evaluated. In total, 47 dermatoses were identified, with the 6 most common being fungal infections (12.1%), eczema (9.5%), dyschromias (8.6%), xerosis (6.9%), acne (6%) and hair disorders (6%). Conclusions. This increased knowledge about the most frequent dermatoses in this population, along with their manifestations and the factors that influence them should allow better diagnosis and therapy.