PLA bio-blends with a predominantly biosourced PA10.10 in the composition range 10-50 wt% were prepared by melt blending in order to overcome the advanced brittleness of PLA. Due to the inherent immiscibility of the blends, 30 wt% of PA was needed to achieve a brittle-to-ductile transition and a co-continuous morphology was predicted at 58 wt% of PA. The initial enhancement of the PLA rheological behaviour through the environmentally friendly reactive extrusion process yielded a finer and more homogeneous microstructure and hence enhanced the mechanical properties of the bioblends at much lower PA contents. The brittle-to-ductile transition could be achieved with only 10 wt% and co-continuity was observed already at 44 wt% of PA. Results indicate the significant potential of modifying PLA flow behaviour as a promising green manufacturing method toward expanding PLA-based bio-blends applications.
Abstract. Cyclic butylene terephthalate (CBT ® ) is an interesting matrix material for the preparation of nanocomposites due to its very low, water-like melt viscosity which favours clay exfoliation. Nevertheless, polymerized CBT (pCBT) is inherently brittle. This paper reports the preparation of isocyanate-toughened nanocomposites made from CBT and organo-modified montmorillonite. The role of the organoclay as reinforcement and the polymeric isocyanate (PMDI) as toughening agent on the properties of pCBT was studied. The organoclay increased the stiffness and strength by up to 20% whereas the PMDI improved the deformation behaviour. However, the PMDI did not affect the degree of clay dispersion or exfoliation and flocculated-intercalated structures were observed. The compatibility between the pCBT matrix and clay was further increased by preparing PMDI-tethered intercalated organoclay. The modified organoclay then exfoliated during ring-opening polymerization and yielded true pCBT/clay nanocomposites. This work demonstrates that reactive chain extension of CBT with a polyfunctional isocyanate is an effective method to obtain toughened pCBT nanocomposites. Moreover, isocyanates can enhance the compatibility between pCBT and nanofiller as well as the degree of exfoliation.
ZOOM OUT /28 E l demonio neón (The Neon Demon, 2016) es una película dirigida por Nicolas Winding Refn y escrita por este en coautoría con Mary Law. Catalogada por algunas fuentes como thriller psicológico u horror. El filme cuenta la historia de Jesse, una jovencita pueblerina que viaja a la ciudad de Los Ángeles con el sueño de obtener trabajo de modelo. Su belleza y lozanía generan rivalidad y envidia entre otras dos modelos, Gigi y Sarah, quienes conviven en el competido y cerrado círculo de la moda, por otra parte, despertará un incontenible deseo tanto en Ruby, una maquillista como en un distinguido diseñador de ropa y en un importante fotógrafo. En la lectura que propongo, la película se entiende como una unidad de sentido conformada y ordenada por el concepto de falsedad. En el presente texto, emplearé la acción narrativa, la connotación corpórea y la intertexualidad (hipotextos) como niveles en los cuales se evidencia mi argumento central: el filme se encuentra ordenado por una estética de lo falso. En esta estética el concepto de falsedad fungirá como un gozne de sentido. Partiré de una conjetura: El demonio neón, como todo producto audiovisual (como clúster de signos y sentidos, y como texto), refiere a otros textos (desde la cita explícita hasta las reglas que sirvieron para su construcción y que lo inscriben Un eminente filósofo norteamericano de nuestro tiempo dijo en una ocasión: "No existe una razón a priori para suponer que la verdad, al ser descubierta, será necesariamente interesante". Será suficiente con ser verdadera, o aun una aproximación a la verdad; consecuentemente, no me siento avergonzado por decirlo. La verdad, dijo Tolstoi, es la cosa más hermosa en el mundo entero.
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