Transplanting is the technique of moving of a plant from one location to another. This strategy is commonly practiced to establish crops when conditions are less favourable for direct seeding. Birds and squirrels damage to seedlings of maize is a serious problem resulting in poor crop stand and low yield. Delayed germination and plant growth receives a major setback due to late sowing of maize which reduces grain yield; however, reduction of yield can be compensated by transplantation technique. Transplanting of maize is a strategy that can be used to achieve optimum plant densities, better crop stand and obviously to get optimum yield. It reduces the nutrient requirement and also shortens the growth period of crop that helps farmers to harvest a third crop in intensive cropping system. Transplanted crop produces about 15.44% higher grain yield and can be harvested 10-12 days earlier that of direct seeding crop, so, late maturity high yielding cultivars can be fitted in to available growing season. Though, there are several advantages of transplanted maize, it is not popular in India due to lack of awareness, lacking in proper rational scientific technology and very little information about age of seedling and optimum dose of nutrient. Farmers can be benefitted if proper technology regarding age of seedling, process of transplanting and other cultivation techniques of raising transplanted maize is supplied to them.
Organic farming is gaining popularity across the globe. It has the potential to augment agricultural production methods in order to boost sustainability, farm profitability, and food safety. The main focus of this study is to measure the expanse of farmers' knowledge about organic farming. This study is conducted with the primary objective of examining the effectiveness of the newspaper as an intervention tool. The study area was chosen via certified random sampling. A systematic questionnaire was sent to 300 farmers from Haryana state. Closed-ended questions were utilized to elicit proportionate information from respondents. Respondents for the research were suitably chosen from six villages in three districts of Haryana. The questionnaire was tailored to assess farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and practice about organic farming. The study comprises of pre- and post-intervention investigations to assess the effect of the intervention. The findings reflect a considerable increase in the knowledge of farmers post intervention. The participants involved in the study agreed that there is a need to increase awareness about organic farming. They still trust in conventional techniques, notably for disease prevention and seed development. In reference to organic farming, respondents are aware of rotating plants, utilizing animal manure, plant and kitchen waste, composting and decreasing fertilizer consumption, manually applying green manure, and weed control. Yet, a heavy use of chemicals, and post-green revolution methods of farming remain prevalent in actual practice. The study concludes on the note that farmers' understanding of organic farming should be expanded and the newspaper is recommended as the ideal medium for raising awareness and encouraging its practice.
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