O Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) é uma abordagem contemporâneapara o controle da cárie dentária na qual a remoção do tecido cariado é realizada com instrumentos manuais e o dente restaurado com cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV) de alta viscosidade. Talvez por desconhecimento, muitos profissionais questionam a efetividade da técnica e o fato do procedimento restaurador ser considerado definitivo. Objetivos: (1) Avaliar o conhecimento e a conduta dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) sobre o uso do ART; (2) Capacitar os CD para realizar o ART no âmbito da saúde da família; (3)Avaliar o desempenho clinico de um CIV convencional indicado para ARTem dentes decíduos e (4) Avaliar o alcance da técnica ART na resoluçãodas necessidades restauradoras de pré-escolares. Métodos: Pesquisa foidesenvolvida em duas fases: 1ª Pesquisa transversal com todos os CD dazona urbana de Teresina, Piauí. 2ª. Ensaio clínico controlado realizado empré-escolares de creches municipais. Resultados: 1ª. fase: O conhecimentodos profissionais sobre ART foi mensurado e a maioria apresenta informaçõescorretas. O nível de conhecimento teve associação significativa com a faixa etária (p=0,0005) e tempo de formado (p=0,0112). Os CD foram treinados para execução do ART em seis oficinas teórico-práticas. 2ª. fase: dados enviados para publicação. Conclusões: A maioria dos cirurgiões-dentistas da ESF de Teresina, Piauí possui bom conhecimento e conduta positiva em relação ao ART, mas necessita de aprimoramento com relação à técnica e sua correta indicação.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and severity of dental caries and fluorosis in children and adolescents using fluoridated toothpaste, from areas with and without fluoridated water. Parents of 5-year-old children and 12-year-old adolescents from neighbourhoods that are supplied with and without fluoridated water answered questionnaires for determining socio-economic and demographic characteristics and habits related to oral health. The individuals were examined, and dental caries and fluorosis were measured by dmft/DMFT and TF indexes, respectively. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed (p < 0.05). Of 692 participants, 47.7% were 5-year-olds and 52.3% were 12-year-olds. The mean dmft/DMFT in the 5-year-olds/ 12-year-olds from Exposed and Not Exposed fluoridated water groups was 1.53 (± 2.47) and 3.54 (± 4.10) / 1.53 (± 1.81) and 3.54 (± 3.82), respectively. Children (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.71-4.75) and adolescents (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.24-3.05), who did not consume fluoridated water, had greater caries experience. Among adolescents, there was an association between fluoridated water and the prevalence of very mild/mild fluorosis (OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 3.23-9.19) and moderate fluorosis (OR = 11.11, 95% CI = 4.43-27.87). Children and adolescents, who consumed fluoridated water, presented lower prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to those who used only fluoridated toothpaste as the source of fluoride. There is an association between water fluoridation and very mild/mild and moderate fluorosis in adolescents.
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