To determine the pharmacokinetic properties of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), we prepared oxidized human serum albumin (oxi-HSA) using chloramine-T (a hypochlorite analogue) in vitro. The AOPP and dityrosine content of oxi-HSA (AOPP content, 244.3+/-12.3 microM; dityrosine content, 0.7+/-0.11 nmol of dityrosine/mg protein) were similar to those of uremic patients. In structural analysis, the increases in AOPP and dityrosine content of HSA induced slight decreases in its alpha-helical content. In pharmacokinetic analysis, oxi-HSA left the circulation rapidly, and organ distribution of oxi-HSA 30 min after intravenous injection was 51% for the liver, 23% for the spleen, and 9% for the kidney, suggesting that the liver and spleen were the main routes of plasma clearance of oxi-HSA. The liver and spleen uptake clearance of oxi-HSA were significantly greater than those of normal HSA (CLliver, 5058+/-341.6 vs 24+/-4.2 microL/hr [p<0.01]; CLspleen, 2118+/-322.1 vs 32+/-2.7 microL/hr [p<0.01]). However, uptake by other organs was not significantly affected by oxidation. These results suggest that the liver and spleen play important roles in elimination of AOPP.
We evaluated the possible association between trough linezolid (LZD) concentrations and platelet counts using a dose-response curve with a logit model equation. We demonstrated that trough LZD concentrations correlated with platelet counts. A significant decrease in platelet count was observed in patients with trough LZD concentrations higher than 22.1 μg/ml.
Based on the results of this study, a value close to the targeted AUC can be obtained in a hemodialysis patient with cancer when carboplatin is administered at a dose determined based on the Calvert formula. These results may be useful to achieve a targeted AUC in hemodialysis patients. A certain amount of carboplatin can be eliminated by performing hemodialysis in an early phase when protein binding ratio is low after transition to the elimination phase to enable stable the concentration.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.