The article provides a systematic review on the recent applications of the infrared thermography in medicine reported by Russian and foreign researchers. Advances in IRT technology and equipment, resulted in significant improvement of thermo-images quality and opened new opportunities for the practical application. Application possibilities of infrared thermography in diagnostics and treatment of diseases in different branches of medicine including traumatology and orthopedics, sport medicine, therapy and endocrinology, neurology, neonatology, diagnosis of vessels disorders and oncology are demonstrated in the article. The description of advantages (such as noninvasiveness, safety, relatively low cost and the ability to reveal pathologies on early stages) and disadvantages (insufficiently automated diagnostic type, subjective interpretation of data) of this method have been made. Perspectives of its development (creation of mathematical algorithms for automatic processing of thermo- images) and its introduction in to clinical practice have been analyzed. The use of consistent autoprograms for the thermographic images analysis allows to avoiding subjective interpretation of thermogram data. Nowadays, automatic methods of analysis are actively developed and put into practice, in particular, achievements in development of automatic image recognition algorithms allowed to solve problems of thermal images, automate cancer diagnostics.

The article presents a review of research on the problem of aggressive forms of behavior in children. Scholarly knowledge of definitions "aggression" and "aggressiveness" has being deepened and discovered. An available data analysis on dependence of the aggressiveness level on the features of the central nervous system functioning, psychological and social attitude of the individual has been carried out. The concepts of positive and negative aggression were indicated. A psychophysiological approach to aggressiveness has been considered, based on the study of the activity of various parts of the brain and characteristics of its functional status in children with aggressive behavior. Electroencephalographic markers in children with aggressive forms of behavior are appearance of cortical asymmetry associated with a slow-wave activity increase. Changes in indices of event-related potentials allow to suggest that aggressive individuals have certain cognitive impairments, in particular, problems with memory. According to the level registration of the brain constant potential, aggressive behavior leads to a significant increase in energy costs of the right hemisphere. Children with aggressive behavior are characterized by a disruption in the processing of incoming information, a hyperactive behavioral activation system and underactive behavioral inhibition system. An integrated approach in assessing the aggressiveness of children is based on interaction peculiarities of biological, psychophysiological and psychosocial factors, taking into account possibility of comorbid conditions development.

The purpose of the work is to determine the features of the reaction of brain energy processes to cold stress in young people -residents of the Arctic zone. Methods. The study of energy processes of the brain, using "Neuro-KM" hardware and software complex to record the distribution of the level of constant potential (SCP) in 97 people (49 boys and 48 girls) aged 18-19 years. Registration of the level of constant potential was carried out at rest and after the cold test. The analysis of the constant potential level was carried out by mapping the values of SCP obtained by monopolar measurement and calculating the deviations of SCP in each of the leads from the mean values recorded in all areas of the head, which makes it possible to estimate the local values of SCP in each of the areas with the exception of the effects coming from the reference electrode. Factor analysis with Varimax-rotation was used to study the relationship between the indicators of energy supply of the brain. Results. Cold stress caused in both groups an increase in the level of permanent potential for all leads: an average of 6,7 % in boys and 10,6 % in girls. Throughout the recovery period, the level of permanent capacity continued to increase across all leads. By the end of the tenth minute in the group of boys the maximum value of the level of constant potential was recorded in the Central lead, in the group of girls in the Central and occipital parts of the brain. Conclusions: Neurophysiological mechanisms that provide energy processes in the cerebral cortex, with cold stress in boys and girls in the climatic and geographical conditions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, have a different character. Girls have adaptive neurophysiological processes, associated with energy supply brain, proceed more intensely and require big energy costs, compared with boys.

No abstract