Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed on a 1.5-T superconducting unit for evaluation of 26 stage I endometrial carcinomas. To establish the appearance of the normal uterus, 27 normal uteri were also evaluated. After rapid injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine, dynamic images were obtained every 30 seconds with the spin-echo technique in the sagittal plane. On dynamic studies of endometrial carcinoma, the tumor-myometrial contrast was marked at 120 seconds after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine (contrast-to-noise ratio [C/N], 26.0). The tumor-myometrial contrast on the dynamic study was more marked than that on postcontrast T1-weighted images (C/N, 10.0) and on T2-weighted images (C/N, 2.14). Dynamic and postcontrast MR images were superior in enabling differentiation of viable tumors from necrosis or residual secretion in the endometrial cavity. In the evaluation of presence of tumor and myometrial invasion, the accuracy of T2-weighted imaging and dynamic imaging was 67.9% and 84.9%, respectively.

Contrast-enhanced MR imaging is superior to precontrast MR and TVUS imaging in the characterization and differentiation of adnexal masses.

BackgroundTo evaluate relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions among children who survived the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.MethodsThe subjects were 12,524 children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children 15 items (PTSSC-15), a self-completion questionnaire on traumatic symptoms, was distributed to the children and a questionnaire regarding environmental damage conditions affecting the children was distributed to their teachers. Of 12,524 questionnaires distributed, an effective response was obtained from 11,692 (93.3%).ResultsThe PTSSC-15 score was significantly higher in females than in males among 4th to 6th grade students in elementary schools and among junior high school students. In terms of traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions, with the exception of kindergartners, children who had their houses damaged or experienced separation from family members had a significantly higher PTSSC-15 score than children who did not experience environmental damage. Except for kindergartners and 4th- to 6th-grade elementary school students, children who experienced evacuation had a significantly higher PTSSC-15 score.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions in children who had suffered from the disaster. Factors examined in studying the relationship between environmental damage conditions and traumatic symptoms were gender, age, house damage, evacuation experience, and bereavement experience. It was critical not only to examine the traumatic symptoms of the children but also to collect accurate information about environmental damage conditions.

We determined the effect of reduced bronchial blood flow on lung fluid flux through changes in lung lymph flow, lung wet weight-to-dry weight (wet/dry) ratios, and pulmonary microvascular reflection coefficient (sigma). In the first of two surgical procedures, Merino ewes (n = 21) were surgically prepared for chronic study. Five to seven days later, in a second operation, the bronchial artery of the injection group (n = 7) was ligated, and 4 ml of 70% ethanol were injected into the bronchial artery to cause sclerosis of the airway circulation. In the ligation group (n = 7), only the bronchial artery was ligated. In the sham group (n = 7), the bronchial artery was surgically exposed but left intact without ligation or ethanol injection. One day after these operations the animals received a tracheotomy and 48 breaths of cotton smoke. The value of sigma was determined at two points: 24 h before the second surgical procedure and 24 h after smoke inhalation. Lung lymph flow, blood-gas parameters, and hemodynamic data were measured every 4 h after injury. At the end of investigation, samples of lung were taken for determination of blood-free wet/dry ratio. In the sham group, inhalation injury induced a gradual increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and lung lymph flow, which was associated with deterioration of oxygenation. Reduction of the bronchial blood flow attenuated these pathophysiological changes, and the degree of this attenuation was greater in the injection group than in the ligation group. The value of sigma was significantly higher after smoke inhalation in the injection group compared with the sham group (0.77 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.61 +/- 0.03, means +/- SE) at 24 h. The mean wet/dry ratio value of the injection group animals was 30% less than that of the sham group. Our data show that the bronchial circulation contributes to edema formation in the lung occurring after acute lung injury with smoke inhalation.

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