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Transmission GISAXS shows the real-time evolution of sizes and structures of Li dendrites, from primary Li nanoparticles to fractal dimensions.

Nanostructured lithium-manganese-rich nickel-manganese-oxide xLi 2 MnO 3 Á(1-x)LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 (0.3 x 0.6) composite materials were synthesized via spray pyrolysis using mixed nitrate precursors. All the materials showed a composite structure consisting of Li 2 MnO 3 (C2/m) and LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 ðR3mÞ components, and the amount of Li 2 MnO 3 -phase appeared to increase with x, as observed from XRD analysis. These composite materials showed a high-discharge capacity of about 250 mAhg 21 . In the range of x considered, the layered 0.5Li 2 MnO 3 Á0.5LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 materials displayed the highest capacity and superior cycle stability. Nonetheless, voltage suppression from a layered-spinel phase transition was observed for all the composites produced. This voltage suppression was dependent of the amount of Li 2 MnO 3 phase present in the composite structure. V C 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 443-450, 2014 Keywords: Li-Mn-rich cathode, xLi 2 MnO 3 Á(1-x)LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 , spray pyrolysis, high-energy, Li-ion battery

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