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Multicultural adolescents (MA) in Korea experience higher depression and lower life satisfaction compared to Korean native adolescents. To consider appropriate interventions, this study investigates the cross-lagged effect between life satisfaction and depression among these adolescents. Secondary data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey, which is a nationally representative sample, was analyzed. Data from the 3rd (T1, elementary school), 5th (T2, middle school), and 7th (T3, high school) waves (2013–2017) were used. Altogether, 1,239 MA were included in the sample for analysis; the mean age at T1 was 11.97 (± 0.36) years. The ten-item Depression Scale Questionnaire was used to measure depression, and the three-item Happiness Scale was used to measure life satisfaction. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was conducted to estimate within-person autoregressive and cross-lagged effects. Life satisfaction and depression had a reciprocal relationship from T1 to T2, while only life satisfaction had a lagged effect from T2 to T3. Life satisfaction’s lagged effect dominated that of depression. The cross-lagged effect size of depression from T1 to T2 was larger than that from T2 to T3, and that of life satisfaction from T2 to T3 was larger than that from T1 to T2. Low life satisfaction in MA continues over time. Depression is not persistent, but if experienced in elementary school, it leads to low life satisfaction in middle school and depression in high school. The findings suggest that early intervention for depression in elementary school can reduce its negative effect MA’s life satisfaction.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the preschoolers' hostile attributional bias and the narrative representation profiles. Forty five 4-year-old preschoolers (24 boys, 21 girls) participated in this study. In order to measure the children's narrative responses, MacArthur Story Stem Battery (MSSB) was used, and "a cartoon-based social perception task" was used to obtain preschoolers' hostile attributional bias. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. The results were as follows. First, the rate of hostile attributional style of the subjects was 28.89%. Second, four profiles regarding the narrative representations of 4-year olds were found including: Prosocial (33.3%), Constrained (42.2%), Anxious/Restricted (6.7%), and Dysregulated (17.8%). Third, the rate of preschoolers' hostile attributional style differed by the preschoolers' narrative representation profile. Children with a Prosocial profile showed a less hostile attributional style than children with an Anxious/Restricted profile and Dysregulated profile. In conclusion, preschoolers' hostile attributional bias is related to the narrative representation profile.

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BACKGROUND Korean-Chinese (KC) women make up the largest group of female migrants in South Korea. To prevent and manage chronic diseases in middle-aged KC women working full time, it is necessary to develop health promotion programs that utilize an online platform because such a platform would allow individuals to participate in health promotion interventions at their convenience. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a living lab for a mobile-based health (LLm Health) program focused on improving the physical activity and cultural adaptation of KC women workers. METHODS We used a mixed methods design. Living lab principles were factored into the LLm Health program, including the use of multiple methods, user engagement, multistakeholder participants, real-life settings, and cocreation. The program was developed using the 4 steps of the intervention mapping method: needs assessment, setting of objectives, identification of intervention strategies, and intervention design. Needs assessment was conducted through a literature review, focus group interviews with a total of 16 middle-aged KC women, and an online survey related to health promotion of migrant workers given to 38 stakeholders. KC middle-aged women participated in the early stages of program development and provided the idea of developing programs and mobile apps to enhance physical activity and acculturation. The mobile app developed in the program was validated with the help of 12 KC women and 4 experts, including 3 nursing professors and a professor of physical education. They were asked to rate each item based on content, interface design, and technology on a 4-point scale using a 23-item Smartphone App Evaluation Tool for Health Care. RESULTS The LLm Health program comprised a 24-week walking program using Fitbit devices, the mobile app, and social cognitive interventions. The mobile app contained 6 components: a step counter, an exercise timer, an online chat function, health information, level of cardiovascular risk, and health status. The cultural aspects and lifestyles of KC women were accommodated in the entire process of program development. The content validity of the mobile app was found to be 0.90 and 0.96 according to the 12 KC women and 4 experts, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The mobile app was found to be valid and acceptable for KC women. The living lab approach was a useful strategy for developing a culturally adaptive LLm Health program for KC women workers, leading to their active participation in the overall research process, including needs assessment, program composition, and pre-evaluation.