The objective of this study was to compare the perceptions of two families living in two different neighborhoods (rated according to risk levels) regarding social support. A questionnaire was designed to assess social support according to the following dimensions: instrumental, emotional, religious, and support from friends, neighbors and family. The sample was comprised as follows: considering the 114 families living in neighborhood 1, 52 families were interviewed; and among the 162 families living in neighborhood 2, 60 families were interviewed. No significant difference was found related to instrumental, religious and emotional support, including the support from relatives among the families from both neighborhoods. The results disagree with the reviewed literature, which indicated a strong association between social support and families living at socioeconomic risk. In conclusion, social support is important for families, regardless of their risk stratification.
O puerpério inicia-se a partir do deslocamento placentário e seu término é variável levando em consideração a individualidade de cada mulher. Ele pode ser dividido em três estágios: imediato, tardio e remoto. A depressão pós-parto (DPP) é um adoecimento psíquico com início do quadro clínico, geralmente, a partir das primeiras quatro semanas após o parto. O desfecho do transtorno não só afeta a puérpera como também o núcleo familiar e, principalmente, o bebê, uma vez que afeta negativamente o desenvolvimento infantil.Além disso, tal doença psíquica compromete a continuidade do aleitamento materno, o qual é primordial na fase inicial da vida da criança por ser o alimento mais completo para ela, sendo importante para o bom desenvolvimento do sistema imunológico e também para a interação emocional entre mãe e filho. Em soma a isso, o ato de amamentar traz inúmeros benefícios para a lactante, entre eles, a liberação de ocitocina, hormônio responsável por diminuir os níveis de estresse e sintomas depressivos.
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