The proper evaluation of whether our given bodily capabilities and environmental properties allow particular actions is indispensable for pertinent decisions, so-called affordance judgments. These can be impacted by older age or brain damage. Virtual Environments (VEs) may provide an efficient opportunity to offer trainings. But do people make affordance judgments in VEs in the same way that they do in Physical Environments (PEs)? And are these decisions trainable by use of VEs? We investigated 24 healthy young adults’ judgment performance of whether or not they could fit their hand into a given aperture. They were presented with a set of opening-increments and indicated their judgments by pressing a yes- or no-button. The stimuli were presented in PE using an aperture apparatus and in VE displayed by use of Oculus Rift goggles. Our results demonstrated the level of equivalence to be specific to the variable: While we found equivalence between VE and PE for the accuracy parameter, results were uncertain or non-equivalent for perceptual sensitivity and for judgment tendency, respectively. When applying training in VE, judgment accuracy improved significantly when tested subsequently within VE. Improvement appeared detectable in PE only on a descriptive level. Furthermore, equivalence testing post-training revealed that perceptual sensitivity performance in VE approached a PE-level. Promisingly, the VE training approach appeared applicable and efficacious within the VE. Future studies need to specify factors that enhance equivalence for detection theory variables and that facilitate transfer from VEs to PEs when judging action opportunities.
Zusammenfassung: Die aktuellen Anpassungen im Psychologiestudium in Deutschland verändern die Qualifizierungswege von klinisch-neuropsychologisch Interessierten. Auch für potenzielle Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen sind die Perspektiven über z. B. einen forschungsorientierten Master ohne Approbation noch unklar. Wir skizzieren einige Grenzen und Möglichkeiten angesichts der aktuellen Lage und schlagen eine kombinierte wissenschaftliche und klinisch-neuropsychologische Qualifizierung als Option vor. Dieses Modell könnte eine Brücke zwischen akademischen und patient_innenbezogenen Tätigkeitsfeldern bilden und die Sicherung angewandter Forschung stützen. Um aktuelle wissenschaftliche Standards für den Anwendungsbereich langfristig aufrechtzuerhalten und die neuropsychologische Versorgung zu stärken, müssen der zukünftige wissenschaftliche Nachwuchs und die Flexibilität in dessen Karriereplanung gefördert werden. Eine Limitation ist die noch unbestimmbare Umsetzbarkeit des Modells. Zuständigkeiten müssten geklärt, rechtliche Möglichkeiten evaluiert und ggf. das Modell um weitere Perspektiven ergänzt werden.
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