ObjectivesThis study evaluated the relationship between the skeletal muscle mass (SMM), obtained by predictive equations, and the body composition, nutritional aspects, functionality and physical performance in elderly people.MethodsThe sample consisted of adults aged 65 years or over from the cross-sectional study of the Brazilian Elderly Frailty Study Network, in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The anthropometric parameters, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and handgrip strength (HGS) were evaluated. The SMM was estimated by 2 predictive anthropometric equations.ResultsBoth SMM equations correlated with age, anthropometric indices, SPPB, IADL, and HGS. However, only HGS and neck circumference strongly correlated in both equations, being higher in SMM II.ConclusionsIt seems that both equations are sensitive to obtain the SMM, contributing to the diagnosis of sarcopenia, nutritional status, and a physical performance condition.

However, sarcopenia cannot be considered only in relation to age, but as a multidimensional geriatric syndrome 4 , given its high prevalence in the elderly, since more than 50% of the population over 80 years old suffers from this medical condition 5,6. In addition to the inherent aspects of aging itself, it is determined by genetic predisposition, life habits, changes in living conditions, and chronic diseases 7 , which may contribute to the weakness and loss of independence in daily activities 8 , still being an independent predictor of hospitalization, disability, and death 9. In recent years, some experts have created consensus on a broader diagnosis of sarcopenia: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), which recommends a diagnosis based on decreased muscle mass, Abstract Objectives: There is little information about the risk factors for sarcopenia and dynapenia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and dynapenia and to verify which risk factors are associated with the elderly population. Methods: A total of 387 elderly people were evaluated. We used a questionnaire to identify sociodemographic and behavioral aspects. For physical performance, we used the Short Physical Performance Battery. Using the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People consensus, we defined sarcopenia that includes the occurrence of low muscle mass, added to low muscle strength or low physical performance. Dynapenia was defined using handgrip strength. Results: Sarcopenia and dynapenia were identified in 15.3% and 38.2% of the elderly people, respectively; 15.8% of women and 14.2% of men had sarcopenia, and 52.4% of women and 13.5% of men had dynapenia. Sarcopenia was associated with the increase in aging, white race, smoking, and risk of malnutrition. Dynapenia is more likely to occur in women and hospitalized patients. Conclusion: Sarcopenia had a greater association with the risk factors evaluated here, mainly with smoking and nutritional status. On the other hand, dynapenia was different, having a greater association with hospital intervention.

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A construção de uma imagem corporal jovem e magra dada como ideal pela sociedade requer alguns procedimentos que às vezes se torna impossível devido aos fatores genéticos, econômicos e socioculturais de cada indivíduo, principalmente durante o envelhecimento. O processo de envelhecer é inevitável, mas os aspectos relacionados a prática de exercício físico e um estilo de vida ativo podem contribuir com a independência funcional e melhor avaliação da aparência física. Com o objetivo de avaliar a imagem corporal de idosas independentes utilizou-se nesta pesquisa setenta e três mulheres com idade média 64,05 ± 4,22 anos, funcionalmente independentes e sem indicadores de comprometimento cognitivo. Para caracterizar o perfil das idosas e avaliar a imagem corporal foi realizado um questionário sociodemográfico, Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) e a escala de silhuetas de Stunkard. Na avaliação da composição corporal foi aplicado a bioimpedância. Para a classificação da percepção de autoimagem, os dados foram exibidos em percentis, e realizada a correlação de Spearman. Concluiu-se que as alterações da composição corporal oriundas do envelhecimento influenciam negativamente na avaliação da autoimagem corporal das idosas investigadas.

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