Introduction: There is growing evidence that confirms the addictive nature of using a smartphone. Also, there is evidence that shows the correlation between different psychopathological manifestations and tendencies with the addictive usage of smartphones. Aim: Within this research we are investigating effects of anxiety, depression and impulsivity in relation to addictive usage of smartphones. This research has three goals: 1) Researching the level of correlation between these personality characteristics, individual anxiety, depression and impulsivity and addictive usage of smartphones; 2) Detecting the ways in which anxiety, depression, and impulsiveness predict the addictive usage of smartphones. 3) Researching the total effect of these personality characteristics in relation to addictive usage of smartphones. Material and methods: Sample is composed of 482 students from University of Belgrade, 55.4% female. The research method is correlating and non-experimental. The data was collected by questionnaire method. For the anxiety was used questionnaire STAI-Y, for the depression-DL, for the impulsivity-BIS11 and for the addictive usage of smartphones-SABAS. Results: 1) All three personality characteristics are correlating on a statistically significant level with the addictive usage of smartphones, correlation ranging from 0.30 to 0.32; 2) Depression and impulsivity appeared as significant and independent predictors of addictive usage of smartphones, while the anxiety showed the redundant effect on prediction. Correlation between the anxiety and addictive usage is completely explained by the connection of two other predictors with criteria variable. 3) The research showed that the subjects who simultaneously have two or more enhanced characteristics are more inclined to addictive usage of smartphone. Conclusion: The research results implicate that the depression and impulsiveness represent significant predisposing factors for addictive usage of smartphones. More research is needed within the given subject with the goal of determining the causes and ways the given personality characteristics correlate.
Introduction: The issue of suicidal risk ,and suicide in general, represents one of the biggest challenges in psychiatric evaluation. This issue is covered by an extensive scientific work with the purpose of creating the most precise evaluation of suicide and suicide risk. Aim: The main goal of this research is to validate psychopatological constructs of a personality isolated by MMPI-a and HAMD in relation with measured suicidal rate among the subjects in question. Also, goal of this research is to explore possible connecitons beetween standard clinical and sociodemographic variables with rate of suicidality. Material and methods: The sample group consists of patients that are based on the stationary ward of a psychiatric clinic, diagnosed with F32 and F33. All the data was collected by interview, questionnaire and official medical documentation. The prediction variables are presented by the score on MMPI-202 and HAM-D, and standard clinical and sociodemographic variables. Criteria variables represent the score on SBQ-R, as a measure of suicidal tendencies, and a category variable which marks the presence of suicide attempts in the past. During the data analysis, the following methods were used: descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, regression analysis, comparisment of arithmetic mean and canonical discriminant analysis. Results: The research showed a positive and significant correlation between suicidal tendencies and the scales of: depression, paranoia, schizophrenia, anxiety, social isolation, psychoastenia and the hospitalization count. The only one reliable predictor of suicidalty is depression. Conclusion:The research concludes that the psychopathological constructs, isolated by MMPI, are connected with suicidal tendencies. However, the conclusion is that further research is necessary in terms of determining the quality and way of the connections that are achieved between the test and the suicidality.
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