Objective: To determine the injury incidence rate (IIR) and injury pattern, and to identify risk factors for injury, among elite adult European judo athletes. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: The 2015 Under 23 European Judo Championships, Bratislava, Slovakia. Participants: All registered athletes (N = 295). Independent Variables: Sex, weight division, and fight outcome. Main Outcome Measures: Injury incidence rates were calculated per 1000 athlete-exposures (IIRAE) and per 1000 minutes of exposure (IIRME) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroups were compared by calculating the injury incidence rate ratio (RR) with a 95% CI. Results: The overall IIRAE and IIRME were 35.6 (95% CI, 22.8-53.0) and 10.9 (95% CI, 7.0-16.2), respectively. The most frequently injured anatomical region was the head/neck (41%), whereas the most common type of injury was contusion (33%). The risk of injury was almost 4 times greater for defeated athletes compared with winners [RRME 3.80 (95% CI, 1.47-9.82)]. Athletes in middleweight divisions had a greater risk of injury compared with their lightweight [RRME 3.58 (95% CI, 1.24-10.35)] and heavyweight [RRME 2.34 (95% CI, 0.93-5.89)] counterparts. The risk of injury for women was not significantly different from their male counterparts [RRME 1.33 (95% CI, 0.61-2.90)]. Conclusions: Weight division (middle) and fight outcome (losing) are significant risk factors for injury. The IIR in elite adult judo competition is lower than that in taekwondo and karate. Future research is encouraged to investigate the actual severity of judo injuries, and to investigate potentially modifiable risk factors to mitigate the risk of injury in judo.

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Summary Background. When analyzing the available literature, we found differences and considerable variability in the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) reliability methods. Problems and Aim. For this reason, we have set our goal to determine the reliability and measurement error of all parameters by SJFT. Methods. The research sample consisted of 15 judo athletes (17.13 ± 1.96 years, body height 174.4 ± 10.64 cm, body weight 72 ± 15.37 kg) who trained in judo on average 8.73 ± 2.12 years in two different Slovak judo clubs. The results were processed using interclass correlation analysis and measurement error percentage. Results. Our results indicate poor reliability for HR0 (α= 0.374, Err = 4.2 %) and moderate reliability for the following parameters: the number of throws in section A (α = 0.641, Err = 5.9 %), section B (α = 0.512, Err = 6.0 %), and section C (α = 0.644, Err = 5.9 %), respectively. Moderate reliability was also found for the total number of throws (α = 0.687, Err = 5.1 %). Good reliability was found for HR1 (α = 0797, Err = 3.5 %) and SJFT index (α = 0.807, Err = 4.5 %). Conclusions. According to the results of this study, by testing the special level of judo fitness, as well as its changes, we recommend using the HR1 and SJFT index as good reliable parameters.

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