RESUMENEl coma mixedematoso es una rara complicación del hipotiroidismo y está asociado a trastornos en la reabsorción de electrolitos, disminución del filtrado glomerular y flujo plasmático renal. Se sabe que estas alteraciones pueden ser reversibles con la terapia de reemplazo hormonal con levotiroxina. Se presentan tres pacientes con coma mixedematoso que presentaron insuficiencia renal, quienes fallecieron a pesar del tratamiento. Se realiza una revisión de la literatura. (Rev Med Hered 2011;22:82-85).PALABRAS CLAVE: Coma mixedematoso, hipotiroidismo, insuficiencia renal. SUMMARYMyxedema coma is a rare complication of hypothyroidism and is associated with alterations in electrolyte reabsorption, decrease glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow. It is known that these alterations may be reversible with hormone replacement such as levothyroxine. We present three cases of patients with myxedema coma associated with renal failure with unfavorable outcome in all despite treatment. A review of the literature is presented. (Rev Med Hered 2011;22:82-85).
Objective: To report a case of myxedema megacolon complicated with sigmoid volvulus that was successfully managed with surgery and intensive thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT).Methods: The clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging results, treatment of the myxedema megacolon episode, and post-surgical evolution with THRT are presented.Results: We present the case of a 17-year-old woman with history of congenital hypothyroidism, chronic constipation, and irregular treatment with levothyroxine, who was admitted to the emergency room following 7 days of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. She presented with marked abdominal distention and without bowel sounds. An abdominal computerized tomography scan showed a severe colon enlargement. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was 222 µIU/mL, total thyroxine was <1 µg/dL, and total triiodothyronine was <40 ng/dL. Exploratory laparotomy was performed. Sigmoid volvulus was found and sigmoidectomy was performed. No evidence of colonic obstruction was found, but her clinical condition did not improve. After 1 month of mixed replacement therapy with levothyroxine 150 µg/day plus liothyronine 25 µg/day, intestinal movements were re-established and she was discharged asymptomatic with a TSH level of 0.15 µIU/mL.Conclusion: Myxedema megacolon is a rare clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism that, when complicated by sigmoid volvulus, is diagnostically and clinically challenging. History of constipation, thyroid disease, signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, poor treatment compliance, or lack of improvement after abdominal surgery should raise suspicion to identify these patients due to the high risk of anesthetic and post-surgery complications. In our case, a dual combination of levothyroxine plus liothyronine resulted in clinical and biochemical recovery. (AACE Clinical Case Rep. 2017;3:e144-e147) Abbreviations: CH = congenital hypothyroidism; GI = gastrointestinal; GIT = gastrointestinal tract; IV = intravenously; NR = normal range; THRT = hormone replacement therapy; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone
Objetivo:Describir la seroprevalencia de infección por HTLV-1 en pacientes con tiroiditis autoinmune. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en pacientes con tiroiditis autoinmune que acudieron al consultorio de Endocrinología del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia entre octubre del 2008 y enero del 2010. Se usó un cuestionario estructurado para obtener datos epidemiológicos y clínicos, paralelamente, se revisaron las historias clínicas para obtener datos de laboratorio. A los participantes se les tomó una muestra de sangre para el diagnóstico de HTLV-1 mediante prueba de ELISA y confirmación por Western Blot, previa firma de consentimiento informado. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio, se atendieron 285 pacientes con tiroiditis autoinmune. Se incluyeron 145 pacientes (50,9%); la edad media fue 48,1 ± 15 años y 135 (93,1%) fueron de sexo femenino. Tres pacientes tuvieron infección por HTLV-1, con una prevalencia estimada de 2,1% (IC 95%: 0-4,4%). Los seropositivos fueron de sexo femenino y tuvieron el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Graves hipertiroidea. La frecuencia de infección por HTLV-1 en este grupo fue de 5% (3/60); IC 95%: 0-11%. No se encontró diferencia significativa entre los pacientes HTLV-1 positivos y negativos en cuanto a características demográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio. Conclusión: La prevalencia de infección por HTLV-1 en los pacientes con tiroiditis autoinmune fue similar a la prevalencia estimada para la población peruana en general.(Rev Med Hered 2010;21:180-186).
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