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The alignment of ontologies is the backbone of semantic interoperability. It facilitates the import of data from an ontology to another, translating queries between them or merging ontologies in a global one. However, these services cannot be guaranteed throughout the life cycle of the ontology. The problem is that the evolution of mapped ontologies may be affected and make obsolete the relationship of the mapping. Inspired by belief revision theory, the authors identify and formalize the constraints and requirements of the alignment evolution problem. Then they give an orchestration of designed operations to resolve the problem. The satisfaction of these constraints and requirements is discussed for each operation showing its strengths and weaknesses. Finally, the authors conduct an experimental process with the objective to show the limits of alignment evolution methods and ontology matching tools when dealing with alignment evolution problem highlighting the emergency to invest in dedicated methods.

With the emergence of the open data movement, hundreds of thousands of datasets from various concerns are now freely available on Internet. The access to a good number of these datasets is carried out through Web services which provide a standard way to interact with data. In this context, user's queries often require the composition of multiple data Web services to be answered. Defining the semantics of data services is the first step towards automating their composition. An interesting approach to define the semantics of data services is by describing them as semantic views over a domain ontology. However, defining such semantic views cannot always be done with certainty, especially when the service's outputs are too complex. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic approach to model the semantics uncertainty of data services. In our approach, a data service with an uncertain semantics is described by several possible semantic views, each one is associated with a probability. Services along with their possible semantic views are represented in a Block-Independent-Disjoint (noted BID) probabilistic service registry, and interpreted based on the Possible Worlds Semantics. Based on our modeling, we study the problem of interpreting an existing composition involving services with uncertain semantics. We also study the problem of compositing uncertain data services to answer a user query, and propose an efficient method to compute the different possible compositions and their probabilities.

Abstract-The ontology alignment consists in generating a set of correspondences between entities. These entities can be concepts, properties or instances. The ontology alignment is an important task because it allows the joint consideration of resources described by different ontologies. This paper aims at counting all works of the ontology alignment field and analyzing the approaches according to different techniques (terminological, structural, extensional and semantic). This can clear the way and help researchers to choose the appropriate solution to their issue. They can see the insufficiency, so that they can propose new approaches for stronger alignment. They can also adapt or reuse alignment techniques for specific research issues, such as semantic annotation, maintenance of links between entities, etc.

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