The Rh(III)-catalyzed C−H functionalization and subsequent intramolecular cyclization between azobenzenes and vinylene carbonate is described herein. Depending on the electronic property of azobenzenes, this transformation results in the formation of (2H)-indazoles or dihydrocinnolin-4-ones through the generation of ortho-alkylated azo-intermediates followed by decarboxylation. Surprisingly, vinylene carbonate acts as an acetaldehyde or acetyl surrogate to enable the [4 + 1] or [4 + 2] annulation reaction. This transformation is characterized by its mild reaction conditions, simplicity, and excellent functional group compatibility.
The use of information technology is spreading in the construction field. However, the use of information technology in the construction field does not conform to the requirements and characteristics of users who use information technology. This fact is blindly accepted by the government and client demands, which is an impediment to the dissemination of information technology in the construction field. To improve the use of information technology in the construction field, this study analyzes the factors of acceptance of information technology according to the characteristics of users who use information technology in the construction field based on Davis’ technology acceptance model. As a result of the analysis, we found that if users consider IT in the construction industry easy to use, spontaneous attitude and behavioral intention are to be expected. Moreover, acceptance type, educational satisfaction, usage enjoyment, and usage experience are the factors that impact perceived usefulness, and educational satisfaction and usage enjoyment impact perceived ease of use as well. This study aims to derive factors that maximize the approachability and usefulness of users through the use of a technology acceptance model in construction prior to the application of new information technology in the construction field.
The site‐selective modifications of quinazolinones constitute a pivotal topic in drug discovery and material science. Herein, we describe the rhodium(III)‐catalyzed C–H amidation of 2‐aryl quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones with a range of nitrene surrogates including dioxazolones, organic azides, and N‐methoxyamides. Complete site‐selectivity and functional group tolerance are observed. Notably, the large‐scale reaction and late‐stage functionalization highlight the synthetic potential of the developed protocol. Combined mechanistic investigations elucidate a plausible reaction mechanism of this process.
The Cover Feature shows the rhodium(III) and iridium(III)‐catalyzed C–H amidation reaction of 2‐aryl quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones with a range of nitrene surrogates including dioxazolones dioxazolones, organic azides, and N‐methoxyamides through N‐assisted C–H activation. Complete site‐selectivity and functional group tolerance are observed. Notably, the large‐scale reaction and late‐stage functionalization highlight the synthetic potential of the developed protocol. This work is dedicated to Prof. Pierre H. Dixneuf for his outstanding contribution to organometallic chemistry and catalysis. More information can be found in the Full Paper by S. Hong, I. S. Kim et al.
The site-selective and metal-free C–H nitration reaction of quinoxalinones and pyrazinones as biologically important N-heterocycles with t-butyl nitrite is described. A wide range of quinoxalinones were efficiently applied in this transformation, providing C7-nitrated quinoxalinones without undergoing C3-nitration. From the view of mechanistic point, the radical addition reaction exclusively occurred at the electron-rich aromatic region beyond electron-deficient N-heterocycle ring. This is a first report on the C7–H functionalization of quinoxalinones under metal-free conditions. In contrast, the nitration reaction readily takes place at the C3-position of pyrazinones. This transformation is characterized by the scale-up compatibility, mild reaction conditions, and excellent functional group tolerance. The applicability of the developed method is showcased by the selective reduction of NO2 functionality on the C7-nitrated quinoxalinone product, providing aniline derivatives. Combined mechanistic investigations aided the elucidation of a plausible reaction mechanism.
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