This study uses an action research approach to investigate how different modes of pre-laboratory preparation contribute towards a fruitful laboratory experience for first year students on an access programme. We considered the experience to be fruitful if the students successfully acquired procedural understanding, communicative competence and were able to apply the conceptual understanding to make the purpose of the labs meaningful. A group of students was observed by participant observers during 1996. Data was gathered during laboratory sessions and from written pre-laboratory work. These data were analysed and changes were instituted in the running and conceptualization of the laboratory in the subsequent year. A group of students was again observed and data collected. Two important factors emerged from the analysis of the data. One finding was the importance of adequate student preparation for the laboratories, regardless of the mode of preparation employed. Another was that the ability to prepare depended on the conceptual and procedural understanding of the laboratory as a whole. Preparedness is also important if conceptual benefit is to be obtained from the practical experience.

Description of videodisc technology and an evaluation of its application to the classroom.

This paper outlines part of a course evaluation which involves two objective tests based on prestated behavioural objectives. The mid-year test gave cause for satisfaction but the end-of-year examination showed a gross decline. An analysis of cognitive levels was done using Bloom's taxonomy as a basis, and it became apparent that in the end-of-year examination students were required to function at considerably higher cognitive levels. Care must obviously be taken in ensuring that examination papers accurately reflect both the skills and the cognitive levels which students are expected to attain.

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This paper includes a list of changes made to the overall structure of the laboratory component of general chemistry at Virginia Polytechnic and State University. Questionnaire analysis shows significant improvement in student satisfaction.