No abstract

Like many other developing nations, Pakistan is also facing a gender gap in its socio-cultural spheres. Since independence, many programs and policies have been made in public and private sector domains to eradicate these gender disparities. This paper aims to evaluate these programs and policies by encountering their salient features and how far these programs and policies proved to be fruitful in bridging this gap. The evaluation is done majorly through a desk review of the secondary data drawn from reports published by different government and local organizations. Mainly, the qualitative methods of content and thematic analyses were employed for exploring the gender-based disparities, and how these are affecting the pace of development in Pakistan. Moreover, an assessment of strategies and policies addressing the problem of the gender gap has also been done. Based on the study findings, this paper presents some policy recommendations to reduce gender base disparities which is one of the many prerequisites for the promotion of sustainable development agenda as gender equality is the 5th goal of the United Nations sustainable development agenda.

Anin capacity is any condition of the body or mind that makes it more problematic for the individual with the state to do certain accomplishments and cooperate with the world around them.The main objectives of the study are to find the relationship between disability and employment,empower disabled people, provide them with better employment opportunities, make them financially stable and make them independent and incorporate the factors that make the building accessible and comfortable for the disabled. From the literature reviews which were of different ideologies and objectives, the result came is that there are different techniques by which the problems can be solved by involving sustainability, accessibility and adaptability in an infrastructure design. The sector of the LDA has been selected for the research analysis. The quotas for disabled people and the building infrastructure of LDA will be analyzed. For the research analysis, the different types of analysis will be performed on the data which are 3D analysis, Demographics Analysis, questionnaire and Correlation Analysis. The proposals which are given are based on the provision of parking, washrooms facilities,staircases, ramps, handrails, and office furniture and entrance gates.

Housing is the third most important necessity of a human being. Every human being needs a housing unit to live in. Recently, with globalization and urbanization, the demand for housing has increased manifold, whereas the supply has remained the same. Similarly, in Pakistan, the value of land and building in urban areas increased exponentially. The lowincome class could not afford a housing unit as they did not have the resources to buy or construct a housing unit at once. With new trends, the low-income people would buy a piece of land on the urban periphery and construct the housing unit in increments. The availability of funds was the key factor in this approach. With the availability of microfinance services in the market, the availability of funds has increased for the low-income groups. The research aims to study the difference between the working of different financing institutes and banks and to formulate recommendations based on the collected data.