Generally, pain can be described as an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with tissue damage. Chronic pain has become a public health problem because among 35 and 75% of the world population has shown the symptom. In particular, neuropathic pain has shown high comorbidity disorders such as anxiety and depression. Conventional therapies for treating pain include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioids, which usually cause some side effects such as gastritis, headache, liver and kidney toxicity, and drug dependence. Conventional pharmaceuticals also tend to be expensive, and they cannot be easily afforded in developing countries, which have led to the use of natural products as an alternative treatment. In this chapter, we reviewed the current research of natural products for pain treatment. We also describe preclinical studies that assess the effect of some natural products on pain therapy, phytochemistry research, toxicity, adverse effects, and biosecurity. We also describe how conventional pain is managed and the possible use of compounds obtained from vegetable species for pain treatment.

En las últimas décadas se ha buscado una verdadera inclusión en cuanto a educación se refiere, sobre todo considerando que la educación inclusiva hace referencia a educar según las necesidades de cada persona. Esto ha sido aún más difícil en el ámbito de educación superior en áreas científicas, donde se cuenta con un alto número de estudiantes matriculados que esperan desarrollar habilidades en ciencias, lo que hace más difícil atender individualidades en el proceso para formar personas productivas con responsabilidad social, por lo que es necesario buscar estrategias de inclusión que apoyen en este trayecto.