The precision ball is the most key component of ball bearing, which is widely used in many precision mechanical fields. This paper presents a variable-radius V-groove lapping method since this method can make the spin angle vary between 0 deg and 90 deg, and the lapping trajectory can cover the ball's surface. Based on this lapping method, an observation of lapping surface of balls experiment is set up in which blackened balls is brightened effectively only after 10 circulations of lower plate in 2 min. Next, another experiment is also done: A batch of G16 level steel balls has been lapped to G5 level in the machining experiment. All results illustrate that the novel method has properties of high efficiency, high precision, and high consistency, which needs further study and then it is likely to replace the traditional one in the future.

As the demand for high-performance bearings gradually increases, ceramic balls with excellent properties, such as high accuracy, high reliability, and high chemical durability used, are extensively used for highperformance bearings. In this study, a spiral V-groove plate method is employed in processing high-precision ceramic balls. After the kinematic analysis of the ball-spin angle and enveloped lapping trajectories, an experimental rig is constructed and experiments are conducted to confirm the feasibility of this method. Kinematic analysis results indicate that the method not only allows for the control of the ball-spin angle but also uniformly distributes the enveloped lapping trajectories over the entire ball surface. Experimental results demonstrate that the novel spiral Vgroove plate method performs better than the conventional concentric V-groove plate method in terms of roundness, surface roughness, diameter difference, and diameter decrease rate. Ceramic balls with a G3-level accuracy are achieved, and their typical roundness, minimum surface roughness, and diameter difference are 0.05, 0.0045, and 0.105 mm, respectively. These findings confirm that the proposed method can be applied to high-accuracy and high-consistency ceramic ball processing.

The surface quality of cylindrical rollers has a great influence on the working life of rolling bearings. In the paper, double-side lapping machine and flannelette pads are applied to polish the cylindrical surface of rollers. After 20 min polishing, rollers with smooth surface are obtained and the roundness of the rollers have a improvement of about 0.3 μm, which means that the polishing process based on double-side lapping method can effectively improve the surface quality and geometric accuracy of cylindrical rollers.

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