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In this paper, we pay attention to the periodic task scheduling on a variable voltage processor with d discrete voltage/speed levels. We propose an intra-task DVS algorithm which constructs a minimum energy schedule for k tasks in O(d+k log k) time. We also give an inter-task DVS algorithm with O(d+n log n) time, where n denotes the number of jobs. Previous approaches solve this problem by first generating a canonical schedule and then adjusting the speed in O(dn log n) or O(n 3 ) time. However, they do not consider that the length of a canonical schedule depends on the LCM of those of task periods and is of exponential length in general. In our approach, the tasks with arbitrary periods are first transformed into harmonic periods and then profile their key features. Afterward, the (optimal) discrete solution can be computed directly from these features.

The semiconductor market has gradually transitioned from advanced countries to the Asian-Pacific region. Since the 1980s, Taiwan has been developing its own semiconductor industry, and after 20 years of effort, has become one of the world's major exporters of semiconductor products. Therefore, to position Taiwan in relation to other countries for competitive advantage, as defined by technology and industrial development, requires a better understanding of the developmental trends of the semiconductor technology of major competing countries in the Asian-Pacific region. This can further provide the Taiwanese government with additional strategic development proposals. We used a combination of patents, data-mining methods [multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis, and K-means clustering] to explore competing technological and strategic-group relationships within the semiconductor industry in the Asian-Pacific region. We assessed the relative technological advantages of various organizations and proposed additional technology development strategy recommendations to the Taiwanese semiconductor industry

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