The tensile mechanical properties of polyethylene/silica (PE/SiO2) composite fiber and three-strand PE/SiO2composite fiber ropes were investigated. It was found that the SiO2content had a significant effect on the tensile mechanical properties of composite fiber. The breaking force of the fishing three-strand PE/SiO2composite fiber rope with diameter 8 mm was 15.8 kN. Compared to common synthetic fiber rope with the same diameter, fishing three-strand PE/SiO2composite fiber rope had higher breaking force and less elongation. On the premise of maintain the breaking force, the common synthetic fiber rope could be replaced by the fishing three-strand PE/SiO2composite fiber rope in fishing area, and the linear density, the elongation at break, the netting gear resistance and using diameter of rope decreased. Therefore, an efficient method to improve the tensile mechanical properties and lower cost by using composite fiber rope was established.

The effects of synthesized silver nanoparticles on electrospun PHBV ultrafine fibers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Addition of silver nanoparticles increased from 0.1% to 2.0%, the sooth ultrafine fiber with an average diameter of about 2 μm formed a non-woven mat was obtained. DSC showed the efficient heterogeneous nucleation by the silver nanoparticles for facilitating PHBV crystallization.The thermal stability of the PHBV/Ag ultrafine fibers improved with the increase in the content of the silver nanoparticles.

Salinity tolerance of juvenile obscure puffer Takifuge obscurus was investigated at salinities of 0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 parts per thousand (ppt). In consequence, the juveniles of obscure puffer were able to survive and grow well at salinities from freshwater (0 ppt) to 32 ppt. In addition, the effects of salinity on serum osmolality, morphology of chloride cells in gill filaments, and branchial NKT (Na + /K +-ATPase) activity and expression were also assessed. At the beginning of the trial (day 15), the serum osmolality, NKT activity and expression in fish reared at salinities all increased, followed by decreases in serum osmolality and NKT activity, and slight change in NKT expression. Besides, the chloride cells became larger and denser with increasing salinity at the end of the trial. Our results demonstrate that the juveniles can osmoregulate in a wide range of salinity and provide indirect evidence that chloride cells and NKT in gill are responsible for excretion of excess salt from body in hyperosmotic environments. The ability for juvenile obscure puffer to maintain homeostasis and grow well in a wide range of salinities, from 0 to 32 ppt, supports the hypothesis that the juveniles of obscure puffer are suitable for both freshwater and seawater aquaculture.