One of the basic tasks in géomorphologie analysis is to know the probability distributions of the stream lengths of different orders. In practical applications, this information is useful for basin rainfall-runoff modelling. The objective of this study is to determine the length distributions of the Strahler streams. A Poisson process was used to derive the theoretical distributions. The result showed that the length distribution of the first-order stream is an exponential distribution and the second-order or higher order stream length is a gamma distribution. In order to verify the theoretical distributions, a digital elevation model (DEM) was adopted to calculate the stream lengths of four basins in Taiwan. Kolmogorov-Smimov and chi-square tests were used to test the goodness-of-fit of the data. Results showed that the length distributions of the first-and second-order streams analysed by using DEM correspond with those from the derived distribution method.
In a typical reservoir routing problem, the givens are the inflow hydrograph and reservoir characteristic functions. Flood attenuation investigations can be easily accomplished using a hydrological or hydraulic routing of the inflow hydrograph to obtain the reservoir outflow hydrograph, unless the inflow hydrograph is unavailable. Although attempts for runoff simulation have been made in ungauged basins, there is only a limited degree of success in special cases. Those approaches are, in general, not suitable for basins with a reservoir. The objective of this study is to propose a procedure for flood attenuation estimation in ungauged reservoir basins. In this study, a kinematic-wave based geomorphic IUH model was adopted. The reservoir inflow hydrograph was generated through convolution integration using the rainfall excess and basin geomorphic information. Consequently, a fourthorder Runge-Kutta method was used to route the inflow hydrograph to obtain the reservoir outflow hydrograph without the aid of recorded flow data. Flood attenuation was estimated through the analysis of the inflow and outflow hydrographs of the reservoir. An ungauged reservoir basin in southern Taiwan is presented as an example to show the applicability of the proposed analytical procedure. The analytical results provide valuable information for downstream flood control work for different return periods.Key words reservoir routing; kinematic-wave based GIUH; Runge-Kutta method Laminage de crues de bassins versants non jaugés par un réservoir Résumé Classiquement, dans un problème de laminage par un réservoir, les données sont l'hydrogramme d'entrée et les fonctions caractéristiques du réservoir. L'étude du laminage de la crue peut être menée aisément en appliquant un transfert hydrologique ou hydraulique à l'hydrogramme d'entrée pour estimer l'hydrogramme de sortie, sauf si l'hydrogramme d'entrée est indisponible. Bien que des tentatives de simulation de débit aient été réalisées sur des bassins versants non jaugés, elles ne sont satisfaisantes que dans certains cas. Ces approches ne sont en général pas applicables à des bassins versants présentant un réservoir. L'objectif de cette étude est de proposer une procédure d'estimation du laminage de crue en bassins versants non jaugés présentant un réservoir. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur un modèle de type HUI géomorphologique à base d'onde cinématique. L'hydrogramme entrant dans le réservoir a été généré par convolution de la pluie nette et de l'information geomorphologique caractérisant le bassin versant. Puis une méthode de Runge-Kutta du quatrième ordre a été utilisée pour transférer l'hydrogramme entrant en hydrogramme sortant du réservoir, sans recours à des données observées. Le laminage a été estimé à partir de l'analyse des hydrogrammes entrant et sortant du réservoir. La procédure analytique ainsi proposée est mise en oeuvre sur un bassin versant non jaugé présentant un réservoir au sud de Taiwan. Les résultats analytiques fournissent une information pertinente pour le cont...
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